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The First Fifth-Generation District Heating and Cooling System in Kazakhstan: Planning and Design

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  • Stanislav Chicherin

    (Thermo and Fluid Dynamics (FLOW), Faculty of Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
    Brussels Institute for Thermal-Fluid Systems and Clean Energy (BRITE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) and Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium)

  • Yana Zhuikova

    (Research School of High-Energy Physics, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 30, Lenin Avenue, Tomsk 634050, Russia)

  • Tatyana Pyanykh

    (Laboratory of the Heat Engineering and Hydrogasodynamics Department, Polytechnic School, Siberian Federal University, Svobodny Ave., 79, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia)

  • Andrey Zhuikov

    (Laboratory of the Heat Engineering and Hydrogasodynamics Department, Polytechnic School, Siberian Federal University, Svobodny Ave., 79, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia)

  • Galym Baidyussenov

    (Department of Energy Systems, NJSC «Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University», 56 Nursultan Nazarbayev Ave., Karaganda 100027, Kazakhstan
    Department of Business Management in Engineering, Almaty University of Power Engineering and Telecommunications Named After Gumarbek Daukeyev, Baitursynuli Str., 126/1, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan)

  • Saule Abildinova

    (Department of Business Management in Engineering, Almaty University of Power Engineering and Telecommunications Named After Gumarbek Daukeyev, Baitursynuli Str., 126/1, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan)

Abstract

This paper focuses on the potential for integrating Geographic Information System (GIS) software into Fifth-Generation District Heating and Cooling (5GDHC) systems to promote efficient and sustainable energy management, particularly in Kazakhstan. By reviewing the key literature, we identify three main areas where GIS software enhances the planning of 5GDHC systems: decision-making in the context of energy market regulations, operational data utilization, and modeling/simulations for technical design. The technical design emphasizes the role of heat pumps, ultra-low temperature district heating (ULTDH) networks, and end-user buildings. Previous research has explored various methodologies for integrating network and demand-side strategies, developing sustainable district heating and cooling (DHC) systems, and mapping urban areas suitable for DHC deployment. However, none has presented an open-source model incorporating GIS-based decision-making in designing 5GDHC systems. This study, for the first time, addresses this gap through a case study conducted in the Northern Industrial Zone of Karaganda, Kazakhstan, demonstrating how GIS-enhanced modeling can be effectively applied in a developing, industry-driven economy. We outline the mathematical framework for comparing existing simulation tools and developing a custom model suited to the region’s needs. Additionally, we discuss validation and calibration methods, which remain underexplored in the current literature. The proposed model incorporates waste heat recovery from local sources, including nearby wastewater treatment plants, showcasing a sustainable energy solution for the industrial park. The results indicate that a well-structured 5GDHC system, supported by GIS tools, can markedly enhance energy efficiency and sustainability, presenting a scalable and adaptable approach for other regions in Kazakhstan and beyond.

Suggested Citation

  • Stanislav Chicherin & Yana Zhuikova & Tatyana Pyanykh & Andrey Zhuikov & Galym Baidyussenov & Saule Abildinova, 2024. "The First Fifth-Generation District Heating and Cooling System in Kazakhstan: Planning and Design," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-17, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:23:p:6169-:d:1538602
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    References listed on IDEAS

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