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Characterization of Stages of CO 2 -Enhanced Oil Recovery Process in Low-Permeability Oil Reservoirs Based on Core Flooding Experiments

Author

Listed:
  • Yutong Zhu

    (Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
    Technology Innovation Center for Carbon Sequestration and Geological Energy Storage, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100037, China)

  • Xinwen Wang

    (Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
    Technology Innovation Center for Carbon Sequestration and Geological Energy Storage, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100037, China
    School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Yulong Kang

    (Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum (Group) Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710075, China)

  • Chaobin Guo

    (Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
    Technology Innovation Center for Carbon Sequestration and Geological Energy Storage, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100037, China)

  • Qingcheng He

    (Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
    Technology Innovation Center for Carbon Sequestration and Geological Energy Storage, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100037, China)

  • Cai Li

    (Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
    Technology Innovation Center for Carbon Sequestration and Geological Energy Storage, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100037, China)

Abstract

Understanding the CO 2 displacement mechanism in ultra-low-permeability reservoirs is essential for improving oil recovery. In this research, a series of displacement experiments were conducted on sandstone core samples from the Chang 6 reservoir in the Huaziping area using a multifunctional core displacement apparatus and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technology. The experiments were designed under conditions of constant pressure, variable pressure, and constant effective confining stress to simulate various reservoir scenarios. The results indicated that the distribution characteristics of the pore structure in the rock samples significantly influenced the CO 2 displacement efficiency. Specifically, under identical conditions, rock cores with a higher macropore ratio exhibited a significantly enhanced recovery rate, reaching 68.21%, which represents a maximum increase of 31.97% compared to cores with a lower macropore ratio. Though fractures can facilitate CO 2 flowing through pores, the confining pressure applied during displacement caused a partial closure of fractures, resulting in reduced rock permeability. Based on the oil-to-gas ratio and oil recovery in the outlet section of the fractured rock samples, the CO 2 displacement process exhibited five stages of no gas, a small amount of gas, gas breakthrough, large gas channeling, and gas fluctuation. Although the displacement stage of different cores varies, the breakthrough stage consistently occurs within the range of 2 PV. These insights not only enhance our understanding of CO 2 displacement mechanisms in low-permeability reservoirs but also provide actionable data to inform the development of more effective CO 2 -EOR strategies, significantly impacting industrial practices.

Suggested Citation

  • Yutong Zhu & Xinwen Wang & Yulong Kang & Chaobin Guo & Qingcheng He & Cai Li, 2024. "Characterization of Stages of CO 2 -Enhanced Oil Recovery Process in Low-Permeability Oil Reservoirs Based on Core Flooding Experiments," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-19, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:21:p:5469-:d:1511833
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Farajzadeh, R. & Eftekhari, A.A. & Dafnomilis, G. & Lake, L.W. & Bruining, J., 2020. "On the sustainability of CO2 storage through CO2 – Enhanced oil recovery," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(C).
    2. Zhang, Tong & Tang, Ming & Ma, Yankun & Zhu, Guangpei & Zhang, Qinghe & Wu, Jun & Xie, Zhizheng, 2022. "Experimental study on CO2/Water flooding mechanism and oil recovery in ultralow - Permeability sandstone with online LF-NMR," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 252(C).
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