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Optimal Operation of Virtual Power Plants Based on Stackelberg Game Theory

Author

Listed:
  • Weishi Zhang

    (Anhui Power Exchange Center Co., Ltd., Hefei 230022, China)

  • Chuan He

    (Anhui Power Exchange Center Co., Ltd., Hefei 230022, China)

  • Haichao Wang

    (Anhui Power Exchange Center Co., Ltd., Hefei 230022, China)

  • Hanhan Qian

    (Anhui Power Exchange Center Co., Ltd., Hefei 230022, China)

  • Zhemin Lin

    (Anhui Power Exchange Center Co., Ltd., Hefei 230022, China)

  • Hui Qi

    (Anhui Power Exchange Center Co., Ltd., Hefei 230022, China)

Abstract

As the scale of units within virtual power plants (VPPs) continues to expand, establishing an effective operational game model for these internal units has become a pressing issue for enhancing management and operations. This paper integrates photovoltaic generation, wind power, energy storage, and constant-temperature responsive loads, and it also considers micro gas turbines as auxiliary units, collectively forming a typical VPP case study. An operational optimization model was developed for the VPP control center and the micro gas turbines, and the game relationship between them was analyzed. A Stackelberg game model between the VPP control center and the micro gas turbines was proposed. Lastly, an improved D3QN (Dueling Double Deep Q-network) algorithm was employed to compute the VPP’s optimal operational strategy based on Stackelberg game theory. The results demonstrate that the proposed model can balance the energy complementarity between the VPP control center and the micro gas turbines, thereby enhancing the overall economic efficiency of operations.

Suggested Citation

  • Weishi Zhang & Chuan He & Haichao Wang & Hanhan Qian & Zhemin Lin & Hui Qi, 2024. "Optimal Operation of Virtual Power Plants Based on Stackelberg Game Theory," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-15, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:15:p:3612-:d:1440887
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Yu, Mengmeng & Hong, Seung Ho, 2017. "Incentive-based demand response considering hierarchical electricity market: A Stackelberg game approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 203(C), pages 267-279.
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