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Biocarbon Production Using Three-Stage Pyrolysis and Its Preliminary Suitability to the Iron and Steel Industry

Author

Listed:
  • Mika Pahnila

    (Process Metallurgy Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland)

  • Aki Koskela

    (Process Metallurgy Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland)

  • Petri Sulasalmi

    (Process Metallurgy Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland)

  • Timo Fabritius

    (Process Metallurgy Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland)

Abstract

There has been a rising interest in the iron and steel industry in replacing fossil-based carbon carriers in their processes because they are the main origin of the anthropogenic carbon emissions within the industry. The use of bio-based carbon carriers could be one solution to partly tackle this challenge. Conventionally, biocarbon is produced by pyrolysis with fixed heating rate, pyrolysis temperature, and retention time. Although the mechanisms behind the formation of biocarbon and the decomposition temperatures of the main compounds of biomass-based materials are known, this knowledge is rarely being utilized in the design of commercial pyrolysis reactors, even though the pyrolysis mechanism-based approach increases the biocarbon yield. In this study, the mechanistic pathway of carbonization of lignocellulosic biomass is taken into account to produce biocarbon with higher yield and quality than conventional pyrolysis with the same process time. Results show that when the process time is the same in both methods, segmented pyrolysis increases biocarbon yield up to 5.4% within a pyrolysis temperature range from 300 °C to 900 °C. Also, fixed carbon yield increased 1.5% in this temperature area. When using segmented pyrolysis, the most suitable pyrolysis temperature is 700 °C based on the characteristics of the produced biocarbon.

Suggested Citation

  • Mika Pahnila & Aki Koskela & Petri Sulasalmi & Timo Fabritius, 2024. "Biocarbon Production Using Three-Stage Pyrolysis and Its Preliminary Suitability to the Iron and Steel Industry," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(13), pages 1-21, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:13:p:3131-:d:1421923
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mousa, Elsayed & Wang, Chuan & Riesbeck, Johan & Larsson, Mikael, 2016. "Biomass applications in iron and steel industry: An overview of challenges and opportunities," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 1247-1266.
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    3. Qi, Jianhui & Zhao, Jianli & Xu, Yang & Wang, Yongjia & Han, Kuihua, 2018. "Segmented heating carbonization of biomass: Yields, property and estimation of heating value of chars," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 301-311.
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