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Energy Management of Hydrogen Hybrid Electric Vehicles—Online-Capable Control

Author

Listed:
  • David Machacek

    (IDSC, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland)

  • Nazim Yasar

    (IDSC, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland)

  • Fabio Widmer

    (IDSC, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland)

  • Thomas Huber

    (Robert Bosch GmbH, 71701 Schwieberdingen, Germany)

  • Christopher Onder

    (IDSC, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland)

Abstract

The results shown in this paper extend our research group’s previous work, which presents the theoretically achievable hydrogen engine-out NO ​ x eo (H ​ 2 -NO ​ x eo ) Pareto front of a hydrogen hybrid electric vehicle (H ​ 2 -HEV). While the Pareto front is calculated offline, which requires significant computing power and time, this work presents an online-capable algorithm to tackle the energy management of a H ​ 2 -HEV with explicit consideration of the H ​ 2 -NO ​ x eo trade-off. Through the inclusion of realistic predictive data on the upcoming driving mission, a model predictive control algorithm (MPC) is utilized to effectively tackle the conflicting goal of achieving low hydrogen consumption while simultaneously minimizing NO ​ x eo . In a case study, it is shown that MPC is able to satisfy user-defined NO ​ x eo limits over the course of various driving missions. Moreover, a comparison with the optimal Pareto front highlights MPC’s ability to achieve close-to-optimal fuel performance for any desired cumulated NO ​ x eo target on four realistic routes for passenger cars.

Suggested Citation

  • David Machacek & Nazim Yasar & Fabio Widmer & Thomas Huber & Christopher Onder, 2024. "Energy Management of Hydrogen Hybrid Electric Vehicles—Online-Capable Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-25, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:10:p:2369-:d:1394430
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Qusay Hassan & Itimad D. J. Azzawi & Aws Zuhair Sameen & Hayder M. Salman, 2023. "Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles: Opportunities and Challenges," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-26, July.
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