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Review of RoCoF Estimation Techniques for Low-Inertia Power Systems

Author

Listed:
  • Xiaoyu Deng

    (School of Electrical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China)

  • Ruo Mo

    (School of Electrical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China)

  • Pengliang Wang

    (School of Electrical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China)

  • Junru Chen

    (School of Electrical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China)

  • Dongliang Nan

    (Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Xinjiang Electric Power Co., Ltd., Urumqi 830011, China)

  • Muyang Liu

    (School of Electrical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China)

Abstract

As the traditional generation is gradually replaced by inverter-based resources, a lack of rotational inertia is now a common issue of modern power systems, which leads to an increasingly larger rate of change of frequency (RoCoF) following contingencies and may result in frequency collapse. As a crucial index of the frequency security and stability of power systems, the accurate estimation of the RoCoF can be a foundation for the development of advanced operations and control techniques of the future power system. This paper firstly analyzes the role of the RoCoF in typical blackouts occurring in recent years and discusses the physical and numerical nature of the RoCoF; then, by introducing the frequency spatial distribution of the power system, the paper discusses the concept of the “center” RoCoF that can present the frequency security and stability of the entire system. The estimation and prediction techniques of the maximal power system RoCoF following a contingency and the existing real-time tracking techniques of the power system RoCoF are comprehensively reviewed. Finally, the open questions and related research topics of the RoCoF estimation are discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiaoyu Deng & Ruo Mo & Pengliang Wang & Junru Chen & Dongliang Nan & Muyang Liu, 2023. "Review of RoCoF Estimation Techniques for Low-Inertia Power Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-19, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:9:p:3708-:d:1133286
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jiaxin Wen & Siqi Bu & Bowen Zhou & Qiyu Chen & Dongsheng Yang, 2020. "A Fast-Algorithmic Probabilistic Evaluation on Regional Rate of Change of Frequency (RoCoF) for Operational Planning of High Renewable Penetrated Power Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-14, June.
    2. Wen, Jiaxin & Bu, Siqi & Li, Fangxing & Du, Pengwei, 2021. "Risk assessment and mitigation on area-level RoCoF for operational planning," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).
    3. Xuehua Wu & Qianqian Qian & Yuqing Bao, 2022. "Demand Response Using Disturbance Estimation-Based Kalman Filtering for the Frequency Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-14, December.
    4. Krzysztof Szabat & Karol Wróbel & Krzysztof Dróżdż & Dariusz Janiszewski & Tomasz Pajchrowski & Adrian Wójcik, 2020. "A Fuzzy Unscented Kalman Filter in the Adaptive Control System of a Drive System with a Flexible Joint," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-18, April.
    5. Zengqin Li & Weifeng Zhang & Zhiyuan Zhuang & Tao Jin, 2022. "A Novel Synchrophasor Estimation Based on Enhanced All-Phase DFT with Iterative Compensation and Its Implementation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-17, September.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Alisher Askarov & Vladimir Rudnik & Nikolay Ruban & Pavel Radko & Pavel Ilyushin & Aleksey Suvorov, 2024. "Enhanced Virtual Synchronous Generator with Angular Frequency Deviation Feedforward and Energy Recovery Control for Energy Storage System," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-26, August.

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