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The Role of Hydrogen and H 2 Mobility on the Green Transition of Islands: The Case of Anafi (Greece)

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  • Andreas Dimou

    (Energy Management Laboratory, Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, University Hill, 81100 Mytilene, Greece)

  • Konstantinos Moustakas

    (Unit of Environmental Science & Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Zographou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece)

  • Stergios Vakalis

    (Energy Management Laboratory, Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, University Hill, 81100 Mytilene, Greece)

Abstract

The holistic green energy transition of non-interconnected islands faces several challenges if all the energy sectors are included, i.e., electricity, heating/cooling, and mobility. On the one hand, the penetration of renewable energy systems (RES) is limited due to design restrictions with respect to the peak demand. On the other hand, energy-intensive heating and mobility sectors pose significant challenges and may be difficult to electrify. The focus of this study is on implementing a hybrid Wind–PV system on the non-interconnected island of Anafi (Greece) that utilizes surplus renewable energy production for both building heating through heat pumps and hydrogen generation. This comprehensive study aims to achieve a holistic green transition by addressing all three main sectors—electricity, heating, and transportation. The produced hydrogen is utilized to address the energy needs of the mobility sector (H 2 mobility), focusing primarily on public transportation vehicles (buses) and secondarily on private vehicles. The overall RES production was modeled to be 91,724 MWh with a RES penetration of 84.68%. More than 40% of the produced electricity from RES was in the form of excess electricity that could be utilized for hydrogen generation. The modeled generated hydrogen was simulated to be more than 40 kg H 2 /day, which could cover all four bus routes of the island and approximately 200 cars for moderate use, i.e., traveled distances of less than 25 km/day for each vehicle.

Suggested Citation

  • Andreas Dimou & Konstantinos Moustakas & Stergios Vakalis, 2023. "The Role of Hydrogen and H 2 Mobility on the Green Transition of Islands: The Case of Anafi (Greece)," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-14, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:8:p:3542-:d:1127584
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    2. Brian Loza & Luis I. Minchala & Danny Ochoa-Correa & Sergio Martinez, 2024. "Grid-Friendly Integration of Wind Energy: A Review of Power Forecasting and Frequency Control Techniques," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-22, November.

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