IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v16y2023i5p2181-d1078988.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Enzymatic Co-Fermentation of Onion Waste for Bioethanol Production Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia pastoris

Author

Listed:
  • Iqra Shahid

    (Institute of Environmental Engineering and Research, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54890, Pakistan)

  • Ghulam Hussain

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54890, Pakistan)

  • Mehwish Anis

    (Institute of Environmental Engineering and Research, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54890, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Umar Farooq

    (Institute of Environmental Engineering and Research, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54890, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Usman

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54890, Pakistan)

  • Yasser Fouad

    (Department of Applied Mechanical Engineering, College of Applied Engineering, Muzahimiyah Branch, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia)

  • Jaroslaw Krzywanski

    (Faculty of Science and Technology, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Armii Krajowej 13/15, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland)

Abstract

This paper evaluates the feasibility of bioethanol production from onion waste by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia pastoris and their novel co-culture through fermentation. The process parameters were optimized for each strain and their combination to observe the synergistic effect of co-fermentation. A dinitro salicylic acid (DNS) test was conducted to study the reducing sugar content of samples at different time intervals. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis was used to compare results for functional groups of samples before and after fermentation, and gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) analysis was performed to measure the bioethanol concentration obtained at different combinations of pH (5, 5.5, 6), temperature (20 °C, 30 °C, 40 °C), and time (24–110 h). The maximum bioethanol concentration was achieved through a monoculture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae , i.e., 30.56 g/L. The ethanol productivity was determined based on the ethanol concentration and fermentation time ratio. The energy content was determined using the obtained ethanol value and the specific energy content of ethanol, i.e., 30 kJ/g. The productivity and energy of bioethanol obtained at this maximum concentration were 0.355 g/L h and 916.8 kJ/L, respectively, after 86 h of fermentation at 30 °C and pH 5. Pichia pastoris produced a maximum of 21.06 g/L bioethanol concentration with bioethanol productivity and energy of 0.264 g/L h and 631.8 kJ/L, respectively, after 72 h of fermentation at 30 °C and pH 5. The coculture fermentation resulted in 22.72 g/L of bioethanol concentration with bioethanol productivity and energy of 0.264 g/L h and 681.6 kJ/L, respectively, after 86 h of fermentation at 30 °C and pH 5. The results of reducing sugars also supported the same conclusion that monoculture fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae was the most effective for bioethanol production compared to Pichia pastoris and co-culture fermentation.

Suggested Citation

  • Iqra Shahid & Ghulam Hussain & Mehwish Anis & Muhammad Umar Farooq & Muhammad Usman & Yasser Fouad & Jaroslaw Krzywanski, 2023. "Enzymatic Co-Fermentation of Onion Waste for Bioethanol Production Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia pastoris," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-12, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:5:p:2181-:d:1078988
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/5/2181/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/5/2181/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jaroslaw Krzywanski & Waqar Muhammad Ashraf & Tomasz Czakiert & Marcin Sosnowski & Karolina Grabowska & Anna Zylka & Anna Kulakowska & Dorian Skrobek & Sandra Mistal & Yunfei Gao, 2022. "CO 2 Capture by Virgin Ivy Plants Growing Up on the External Covers of Houses as a Rapid Complementary Route to Achieve Global GHG Reduction Targets," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-8, February.
    2. Skaggs, Richard L. & Coleman, André M. & Seiple, Timothy E. & Milbrandt, Anelia R., 2018. "Waste-to-Energy biofuel production potential for selected feedstocks in the conterminous United States," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 2640-2651.
    3. Thangavelu, Saravana Kannan & Ahmed, Abu Saleh & Ani, Farid Nasir, 2014. "Bioethanol production from sago pith waste using microwave hydrothermal hydrolysis accelerated by carbon dioxide," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 277-283.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Gad, M.S. & Uysal, Cuneyt & El-Shafay, A.S. & Ağbulut, Ümit, 2024. "Exergetic and exergoeconomic assessments of a diesel engine fuelled with waste chicken fat biodiesel-diesel blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).
    2. Chu, Genyun & Fan, Yingjie & Zhang, Dawei & Gao, Minglin & Yu, Jianhua & Xie, Jianhui & Yang, Qingchun, 2022. "A highly efficient and environmentally friendly approach for in-situ utilization of CO2 from coal to ethylene glycol plant," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    3. Sahu, Omprakash, 2021. "Appropriateness of rose (Rosa hybrida) for bioethanol conversion with enzymatic hydrolysis: Sustainable development on green fuel production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 232(C).
    4. Xiaoliang Yu & Jin Yan & Rongyue Sun & Lin Mei & Yanmin Li & Shuyuan Wang & Fan Wang & Yicheng Gu, 2023. "An Experimental Study on SO 2 Emission and Ash Deposition Characteristics of High Alkali Red Mud under Large Proportional Co-Combustion Conditions in Fluidized Bed," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-17, March.
    5. Lu, Yupeng & Xuan, Yimin & Teng, Liang & Liu, Jingrui & Wang, Busheng, 2024. "A cascaded thermochemical energy storage system enabling performance enhancement of concentrated solar power plants," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    6. Costa, Alexis & Coppitters, Diederik & Dubois, Lionel & Contino, Francesco & Thomas, Diane & De Weireld, Guy, 2024. "Energy, exergy, economic and environmental (4E) analysis of a cryogenic carbon purification unit with membrane for oxyfuel cement plant flue gas," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 357(C).
    7. Sharma, Rozi & Malaviya, Piyush, 2023. "Ecosystem services and climate action from a circular bioeconomy perspective," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).
    8. Wang, Fangfang & Wu, Caifang & Zhang, Xiaodong & Gao, Bin, 2024. "Mechanism of SC-CO2 extraction-induced changes to adsorption heat of tectonic coal," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 294(C).
    9. Jaroslaw Krzywanski & Wojciech Nowak & Karol Sztekler, 2022. "Novel Combustion Techniques for Clean Energy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-3, June.
    10. Shadbahr, Jalil & Ebadian, Mahmood & Gonzales-Calienes, Giovanna & Kannangara, Miyuru & Ahmadi, Leila & Bensebaa, Farid, 2022. "Impact of waste management and conversion technologies on cost and carbon footprint - Case studies in rural and urban cities," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    11. Aditiya, H.B. & Mahlia, T.M.I. & Chong, W.T. & Nur, Hadi & Sebayang, A.H., 2016. "Second generation bioethanol production: A critical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 631-653.
    12. Anuja Gagangras & Saeed D. Manshadi & Arash Farokhi Soofi, 2023. "Zero-Carbon AC/DC Microgrid Planning by Leveraging Vehicle-to-Grid Technologies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-34, September.
    13. Yuan, Hong & Ma, Xin & Ma, Minda & Ma, Juan, 2024. "Hybrid framework combining grey system model with Gaussian process and STL for CO2 emissions forecasting in developed countries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 360(C).
    14. Leng, Lijian & Li, Tanghao & Zhan, Hao & Rizwan, Muhammad & Zhang, Weijin & Peng, Haoyi & Yang, Zequn & Li, Hailong, 2023. "Machine learning-aided prediction of nitrogen heterocycles in bio-oil from the pyrolysis of biomass," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(PB).
    15. Ma, Ning & Fan, Lurong, 2023. "Double recovery strategy of carbon for coal-to-power based on a multi-energy system with tradable green certificates," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 273(C).
    16. Konstantinos Anastasakis & Patrick Biller & René B. Madsen & Marianne Glasius & Ib Johannsen, 2018. "Continuous Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Biomass in a Novel Pilot Plant with Heat Recovery and Hydraulic Oscillation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-23, October.
    17. Liu, Huan & Basar, Ibrahim Alper & Eskicioglu, Cigdem, 2023. "Hydrothermal liquefaction for sludge-to-energy conversion: An evaluation of biocrude production and management of waste streams," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).
    18. Kostas, Emily T. & Beneroso, Daniel & Robinson, John P., 2017. "The application of microwave heating in bioenergy: A review on the microwave pre-treatment and upgrading technologies for biomass," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 12-27.
    19. Badgett, Alex & Newes, Emily & Milbrandt, Anelia, 2019. "Economic analysis of wet waste-to-energy resources in the United States," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 224-234.
    20. Nur Syahirah Mohamed Hatta & Mohamed Kheireddine Aroua & Farihahusnah Hussin & Lai Ti Gew, 2022. "A Systematic Review of Amino Acid-Based Adsorbents for CO 2 Capture," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-34, May.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:5:p:2181-:d:1078988. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.