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Waterborne LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 Cathode Formulation Optimization through Design of Experiments and Upscaling to 1 Ah Li-Ion Pouch Cells

Author

Listed:
  • Lander Lizaso

    (CIDETEC, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain)

  • Idoia Urdampilleta

    (CIDETEC, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
    Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain)

  • Miguel Bengoechea

    (CIDETEC, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain)

  • Iker Boyano

    (CIDETEC, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain)

  • Hans-Jürgen Grande

    (CIDETEC, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
    Advanced Polymers and Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Avda. Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain)

  • Imanol Landa-Medrano

    (CIDETEC, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain)

  • Aitor Eguia-Barrio

    (CIDETEC, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain)

  • Iratxe de Meatza

    (CIDETEC, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
    Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), 48080 Bilbao, Spain)

Abstract

High-voltage spinel LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 (LNMO) is a promising candidate as a lithium-ion battery cathode material to fulfill the high-energy density demands of the electric vehicle industry. In this work, the design of the experiment’s methodology has been used to analyze the influence of the ratio of the different components in the electrode preparation feasibility of laboratory-scale coatings and their electrochemical response. Different outputs were defined to evaluate the formulations studied, and Derringer–Suich’s methodology was applied to obtain an equation that is usable to predict the desirability of the electrodes depending on the selected formulation. Afterward, Solver’s method was used to figure out the formulation that provides the highest desirability. This formulation was validated at a laboratory scale and upscaled to a semi-industrial coating line. High-voltage 1 Ah lithium-ion pouch cells were assembled with LNMO cathodes and graphite-based anodes and subjected to rate-capability tests and galvanostatic cycling. 1 C was determined as the highest C-rate usable with these cells, and 321 and 181 cycles above 80% SOH were obtained in galvanostatic cycling tests performed at 0.5 C and 1 C, respectively. Furthermore, it was observed that the LNMO cathode required an activation period to become fully electrochemically active, which was shorter when cycled at a lower C-rate.

Suggested Citation

  • Lander Lizaso & Idoia Urdampilleta & Miguel Bengoechea & Iker Boyano & Hans-Jürgen Grande & Imanol Landa-Medrano & Aitor Eguia-Barrio & Iratxe de Meatza, 2023. "Waterborne LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 Cathode Formulation Optimization through Design of Experiments and Upscaling to 1 Ah Li-Ion Pouch Cells," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-18, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:21:p:7327-:d:1269781
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Liang, Yuhan & Su, Jing & Xi, Beidou & Yu, Yajuan & Ji, Danfeng & Sun, Yuanyuan & Cui, Chifei & Zhu, Jianchao, 2017. "Life cycle assessment of lithium-ion batteries for greenhouse gas emissions," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 117(PB), pages 285-293.
    2. James T. Frith & Matthew J. Lacey & Ulderico Ulissi, 2023. "A non-academic perspective on the future of lithium-based batteries," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-17, December.
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