IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v16y2023i1p472-d1022115.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A State-of-the-Art Review of Smart Energy Systems and Their Management in a Smart Grid Environment

Author

Listed:
  • Hafiz Abdul Muqeet

    (Department of Electrical Engineering Technology, Punjab Tianjin University of Technology, Lahore 54770, Pakistan)

  • Rehan Liaqat

    (Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan)

  • Mohsin Jamil

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland (MUN), St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada)

  • Asharf Ali Khan

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland (MUN), St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada)

Abstract

A smart grid (SG), considered as a future electricity grid, utilizes bidirectional electricity and information flow to establish automated and widely distributed power generation. The SG provides a delivery network that has distributed energy sources, real-time asset monitoring, increased power quality, increased stability and reliability, and two-way information sharing. Furthermore, SG provides many advantages, such as demand response, distribution automation, optimized use of electricity, economical energy, real-time grid status monitoring, voltage regulation or VAR control, and electricity storage. In this survey, we explore the literature on smart Grid enabling technologies until 2022. We dig out four major systems: (1) the smart grid’s prominent features and challenges; (2) the smart grid standard system and legislations; (3) smart grid energy subsystem; and (4) the smart grid management system and protection system for new researchers for their future projects. The research challenges and future recommendations are also presented in the conclusion section to explore the new paradigm.

Suggested Citation

  • Hafiz Abdul Muqeet & Rehan Liaqat & Mohsin Jamil & Asharf Ali Khan, 2023. "A State-of-the-Art Review of Smart Energy Systems and Their Management in a Smart Grid Environment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-23, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:1:p:472-:d:1022115
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/1/472/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/1/472/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Shengmin Tan & Xu Wang & Chuanwen Jiang, 2019. "Privacy-Preserving Energy Scheduling for ESCOs Based on Energy Blockchain Network," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-16, April.
    2. Hadley, Stanton W. & Tsvetkova, Alexandra A., 2009. "Potential Impacts of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles on Regional Power Generation," The Electricity Journal, Elsevier, vol. 22(10), pages 56-68, December.
    3. Sadiqa, Ayesha & Gulagi, Ashish & Breyer, Christian, 2018. "Energy transition roadmap towards 100% renewable energy and role of storage technologies for Pakistan by 2050," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 518-533.
    4. Lund, Henrik & Kempton, Willett, 2008. "Integration of renewable energy into the transport and electricity sectors through V2G," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(9), pages 3578-3587, September.
    5. Xu, Fangyuan & Wu, Wanli & Zhao, Fei & Zhou, Ya & Wang, Yongjian & Wu, Runji & Zhang, Tao & Wen, Yongchen & Fan, Yiliang & Jiang, Shengli, 2019. "A micro-market module design for university demand-side management using self-crossover genetic algorithms," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 252(C), pages 1-1.
    6. Thomas, Dimitrios & Deblecker, Olivier & Ioakimidis, Christos S., 2018. "Optimal operation of an energy management system for a grid-connected smart building considering photovoltaics’ uncertainty and stochastic electric vehicles’ driving schedule," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 1188-1206.
    7. Kakran, Sandeep & Chanana, Saurabh, 2018. "Smart operations of smart grids integrated with distributed generation: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P1), pages 524-535.
    8. Francesc Girbau-Llistuella & Francisco Díaz-González & Andreas Sumper & Ramon Gallart-Fernández & Daniel Heredero-Peris, 2018. "Smart Grid Architecture for Rural Distribution Networks: Application to a Spanish Pilot Network," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-35, April.
    9. Linda Barelli & Gianni Bidini & Fabio Bonucci & Luca Castellini & Simone Castellini & Andrea Ottaviano & Dario Pelosi & Alberto Zuccari, 2018. "Dynamic Analysis of a Hybrid Energy Storage System (H-ESS) Coupled to a Photovoltaic (PV) Plant," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-23, February.
    10. Ahmad Almadhor, 2018. "Feedback-Oriented Intelligent Monitoring of a Storage-Based Solar Photovoltaic (PV)-Powered Microgrid with Mesh Networks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-18, June.
    11. Hafiz Abdul Muqeet & Hafiz Mudassir Munir & Haseeb Javed & Muhammad Shahzad & Mohsin Jamil & Josep M. Guerrero, 2021. "An Energy Management System of Campus Microgrids: State-of-the-Art and Future Challenges," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-34, October.
    12. Haseeb Javed & Hafiz Abdul Muqeet & Moazzam Shehzad & Mohsin Jamil & Ashraf Ali Khan & Josep M. Guerrero, 2021. "Optimal Energy Management of a Campus Microgrid Considering Financial and Economic Analysis with Demand Response Strategies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-24, December.
    13. Muhammad Sufyan & Nasrudin Abd Rahim & ChiaKwang Tan & Munir Azam Muhammad & Siti Rohani Sheikh Raihan, 2019. "Optimal sizing and energy scheduling of isolated microgrid considering the battery lifetime degradation," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(2), pages 1-28, February.
    14. Daniel Akinyele & Juri Belikov & Yoash Levron, 2018. "Challenges of Microgrids in Remote Communities: A STEEP Model Application," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-35, February.
    15. Peng, Hao & Kan, Zhe & Zhao, Dandan & Han, Jianmin & Lu, Jianfeng & Hu, Zhaolong, 2018. "Reliability analysis in interdependent smart grid systems," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 500(C), pages 50-59.
    16. Coll-Mayor, Debora & Paget, Mia & Lightner, Eric, 2007. "Future intelligent power grids: Analysis of the vision in the European Union and the United States," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(4), pages 2453-2465, April.
    17. Muhammad Majid Gulzar & Muhammad Iqbal & Sulman Shahzad & Hafiz Abdul Muqeet & Muhammad Shahzad & Muhammad Majid Hussain, 2022. "Load Frequency Control (LFC) Strategies in Renewable Energy-Based Hybrid Power Systems: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-23, May.
    18. Seyedeh Narjes Fallah & Ravinesh Chand Deo & Mohammad Shojafar & Mauro Conti & Shahaboddin Shamshirband, 2018. "Computational Intelligence Approaches for Energy Load Forecasting in Smart Energy Management Grids: State of the Art, Future Challenges, and Research Directions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-31, March.
    19. McKenna, Eoghan & Richardson, Ian & Thomson, Murray, 2012. "Smart meter data: Balancing consumer privacy concerns with legitimate applications," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 807-814.
    20. Chedid, Riad & Sawwas, Ahmad & Fares, Dima, 2020. "Optimal design of a university campus micro-grid operating under unreliable grid considering PV and battery storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Amad Ali & Hafiz Abdul Muqeet & Tahir Khan & Asif Hussain & Muhammad Waseem & Kamran Ali Khan Niazi, 2023. "IoT-Enabled Campus Prosumer Microgrid Energy Management, Architecture, Storage Technologies, and Simulation Tools: A Comprehensive Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-19, February.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zheng, Shiyong & Shahzad, Muhammad & Asif, Hafiz Muhammad & Gao, Jing & Muqeet, Hafiz Abdul, 2023. "Advanced optimizer for maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic systems in smart grid: A roadmap towards clean energy technologies," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 1326-1335.
    2. Østergaard, P.A. & Lund, H. & Thellufsen, J.Z. & Sorknæs, P. & Mathiesen, B.V., 2022. "Review and validation of EnergyPLAN," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    3. Abolhosseini, Shahrouz & Heshmati, Almas & Altmann, Jörn, 2014. "A Review of Renewable Energy Supply and Energy Efficiency Technologies," IZA Discussion Papers 8145, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    4. Antoine Boche & Clément Foucher & Luiz Fernando Lavado Villa, 2022. "Understanding Microgrid Sustainability: A Systemic and Comprehensive Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-29, April.
    5. Liu, Wen & Hu, Weihao & Lund, Henrik & Chen, Zhe, 2013. "Electric vehicles and large-scale integration of wind power – The case of Inner Mongolia in China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 445-456.
    6. Masoud Dashtdar & Aymen Flah & Seyed Mohammad Sadegh Hosseinimoghadam & Hossam Kotb & Elżbieta Jasińska & Radomir Gono & Zbigniew Leonowicz & Michał Jasiński, 2022. "Optimal Operation of Microgrids with Demand-Side Management Based on a Combination of Genetic Algorithm and Artificial Bee Colony," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-26, May.
    7. Finke, Jonas & Bertsch, Valentin, 2022. "Implementing a highly adaptable method for the multi-objective optimisation of energy systems," MPRA Paper 115504, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    8. Manfren, Massimiliano & Caputo, Paola & Costa, Gaia, 2011. "Paradigm shift in urban energy systems through distributed generation: Methods and models," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(4), pages 1032-1048, April.
    9. Hafiz Abdul Muqeet & Hafiz Mudassir Munir & Haseeb Javed & Muhammad Shahzad & Mohsin Jamil & Josep M. Guerrero, 2021. "An Energy Management System of Campus Microgrids: State-of-the-Art and Future Challenges," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-34, October.
    10. Göransson, Lisa & Karlsson, Sten & Johnsson, Filip, 2010. "Integration of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles in a regional wind-thermal power system," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(10), pages 5482-5492, October.
    11. Christine Milchram & Geerten Van de Kaa & Neelke Doorn & Rolf Künneke, 2018. "Moral Values as Factors for Social Acceptance of Smart Grid Technologies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-23, August.
    12. Razeghi, Ghazal & Samuelsen, Scott, 2016. "Impacts of plug-in electric vehicles in a balancing area," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 1142-1156.
    13. Finke, Jonas & Bertsch, Valentin, 2023. "Implementing a highly adaptable method for the multi-objective optimisation of energy systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 332(C).
    14. Taljegard, M. & Göransson, L. & Odenberger, M. & Johnsson, F., 2019. "Impacts of electric vehicles on the electricity generation portfolio – A Scandinavian-German case study," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C), pages 1637-1650.
    15. Dallinger, David & Schubert, Gerda & Wietschel, Martin, 2012. "Integration of intermittent renewable power supply using grid-connected vehicles: A 2030 case study for California and Germany," Working Papers "Sustainability and Innovation" S4/2012, Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research (ISI).
    16. Purvins, Arturs & Zubaryeva, Alyona & Llorente, Maria & Tzimas, Evangelos & Mercier, Arnaud, 2011. "Challenges and options for a large wind power uptake by the European electricity system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(5), pages 1461-1469, May.
    17. Dallinger, David & Gerda, Schubert & Wietschel, Martin, 2013. "Integration of intermittent renewable power supply using grid-connected vehicles – A 2030 case study for California and Germany," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 666-682.
    18. Kirsi Kotilainen & Ulla A. Saari, 2018. "Policy Influence on Consumers’ Evolution into Prosumers—Empirical Findings from an Exploratory Survey in Europe," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-22, January.
    19. Ailton Gonçalves & Gustavo O. Cavalcanti & Marcílio A. F. Feitosa & Roberto F. Dias Filho & Alex C. Pereira & Eduardo B. Jatobá & José Bione de Melo Filho & Manoel H. N. Marinho & Attilio Converti & L, 2023. "Optimal Sizing of a Photovoltaic/Battery Energy Storage System to Supply Electric Substation Auxiliary Systems under Contingency," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-17, July.
    20. Pina, André & Baptista, Patrícia & Silva, Carlos & Ferrão, Paulo, 2014. "Energy reduction potential from the shift to electric vehicles: The Flores island case study," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 37-47.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:1:p:472-:d:1022115. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.