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Open-Access Model of a PV–BESS System: Quantifying Power and Energy Exchange for Peak-Shaving and Self Consumption Applications

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  • Joel Alpízar-Castillo

    (Electrical Engineering Department, Fidélitas University, San Pedro, San José 11501, Costa Rica
    DC Systems, Energy Conversion and Storage Group at TU Delft, 2628CD Delft, The Netherlands
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Victor Vega-Garita

    (Electrical Engineering Department, University of Costa Rica, San Pedro, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Nishant Narayan

    (Sustainable Energy for All, 1220 Vienna, Austria
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Laura Ramirez-Elizondo

    (DC Systems, Energy Conversion and Storage Group at TU Delft, 2628CD Delft, The Netherlands
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

Abstract

Energy storage is vital for a future where energy generation transitions from a fossil fuels-based one to an energy system that relies heavily on clean energy sources such as photovoltaic (PV) solar energy. To foster this transition, engineers and practitioners must have open-access models of PV systems coupled with battery storage systems (BESS). These models are fundamental to quantifying their economic and technical merits during the design phase. This paper contributes in this direction by carefully describing a model that accurately represents the power directions and energy dealings between the PV modules, the battery pack, and the loads. Moreover, the general model can be implemented using two different PV generation methods, the Gaussian model and the meteorological data-based model (MDB). We found that the MDB model is more appropriate for short-term analysis compared to the Gaussian model, while for long-term studies, the Gaussian model is closer to measured data. Moreover, the proposed model can reproduce two different energy management strategies: peak-shaving and maximizing self-consumption, allowing them to be used during PV–BESS sizing stages. Furthermore, the results obtained by the simulation are closed when compared to a real grid-tied PV–BESS, demonstrating the model’s validity.

Suggested Citation

  • Joel Alpízar-Castillo & Victor Vega-Garita & Nishant Narayan & Laura Ramirez-Elizondo, 2023. "Open-Access Model of a PV–BESS System: Quantifying Power and Energy Exchange for Peak-Shaving and Self Consumption Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-16, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:14:p:5480-:d:1197558
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Narayan, Nishant & Papakosta, Thekla & Vega-Garita, Victor & Qin, Zian & Popovic-Gerber, Jelena & Bauer, Pavol & Zeman, Miroslav, 2018. "Estimating battery lifetimes in Solar Home System design using a practical modelling methodology," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 1629-1639.
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    3. Wang, Licheng & Yan, Ruifeng & Saha, Tapan Kumar, 2019. "Voltage regulation challenges with unbalanced PV integration in low voltage distribution systems and the corresponding solution," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    4. Wilfried van Sark, 2019. "Photovoltaic System Design and Performance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-6, May.
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    1. Alpízar-Castillo, Joel & Ramírez-Elizondo, Laura M. & Bauer, Pavol, 2024. "Modelling and evaluating different multi-carrier energy system configurations for a Dutch house," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 364(C).

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