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Planning and Evaluation of Nuclear-Renewable Hybrid Energy Penetration for Marine and Waterfront Applications

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  • Hossam A. Gabbar

    (Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, ON L1G 0C5, Canada)

  • Otavio Lopes Alves Esteves

    (Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, ON L1G 0C5, Canada)

Abstract

The global trade and transportation sectors heavily rely on the maritime industry. Still, its dependence on fossil energy sources poses significant environmental challenges and leads to unstable fuel prices that affect the cost of goods transported by sea. This paper aims to evaluate the viability of seaports as energy-intensive entities and explore the feasibility of implementing a Nuclear-Renewable Hybrid Energy System (NRHES). The study presents a case study of the Tanjung Priok Port in Indonesia, focusing on estimating energy consumption, emissions, and the potential impact of carbon taxation on seaport operations. By quantifying these factors, the research provides insights into the energy requirements, environmental effects, and potential costs associated with seaport carbon taxation. A comprehensive analysis of the technical and economic feasibility of implementing an NRHES in the seaport case study is conducted, determining the optimal sizing and composition of components, considering the proportion of nuclear and renewable energy sources. Furthermore, the economic analysis takes into account energy expenses, net present value, cash flow, return on investment, and internal rate of return. The objective of these findings is to provide decision-makers with insights into the advantages and obstacles associated with implementing an NRHES, ultimately contributing to a cleaner and more sustainable future for the maritime sector.

Suggested Citation

  • Hossam A. Gabbar & Otavio Lopes Alves Esteves, 2023. "Planning and Evaluation of Nuclear-Renewable Hybrid Energy Penetration for Marine and Waterfront Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-16, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:14:p:5329-:d:1192270
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hossam A. Gabbar & Otavio Lopes Alves Esteves, 2022. "Real-Time Simulation of a Small Modular Reactor in-the-Loop within Nuclear-Renewable Hybrid Energy Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-22, September.
    2. Anthony Roy & François Auger & Jean-Christophe Olivier & Emmanuel Schaeffer & Bruno Auvity, 2020. "Design, Sizing, and Energy Management of Microgrids in Harbor Areas: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-24, October.
    3. Blechinger, P. & Cader, C. & Bertheau, P. & Huyskens, H. & Seguin, R. & Breyer, C., 2016. "Global analysis of the techno-economic potential of renewable energy hybrid systems on small islands," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 674-687.
    4. Mao, Anjia & Yu, Tiantian & Ding, Zhaohao & Fang, Sidun & Guo, Jinran & Sheng, Qianqian, 2022. "Optimal scheduling for seaport integrated energy system considering flexible berth allocation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 308(C).
    5. Tang, Ruoli & Wu, Zhou & Li, Xin, 2018. "Optimal operation of photovoltaic/battery/diesel/cold-ironing hybrid energy system for maritime application," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 697-714.
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