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Landscape Democracy and the Implementation of Renewable Energy Facilities

Author

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  • Finn Arler

    (Department of Planning, Aalborg University, Rendsburggade 14, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark)

  • Karl Sperling

    (Department of Planning, Aalborg University, Rendsburggade 14, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark)

  • Kristian Borch

    (Ruralis—Institute for Rural and Regional Research, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
    Department of Planning, Aalborg University, A. C. Meyers Vænge 15, DK-2450 København SV, Denmark)

Abstract

The internationally accepted goal of eliminating climate gas emissions implies substantial investments in renewable energy (RE) facilities. This will inevitably lead to major impacts on landscapes. Landscape concerns linked to RE facilities are already leading to controversies in many local communities. In this article, we focus on the question of landscape democracy related to the establishment of RE facilities. Based on recommendations from the European Landscape Convention, an analytical framework is presented identifying three main dimensions of landscape democracy, followed by an overview of arrangements, procedures, and methods that are or may be used to encourage democracy. The procedures and methods are analyzed based on examples from Denmark and Norway. This is followed by an analysis of decision levels with a special focus on the principle of subsidiarity. Finally, recommendations are presented to strengthen landscape democracy in relation to the installation of RE facilities.

Suggested Citation

  • Finn Arler & Karl Sperling & Kristian Borch, 2023. "Landscape Democracy and the Implementation of Renewable Energy Facilities," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-27, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:13:p:4997-:d:1181013
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Izabela Jonek-Kowalska & Sara Rupacz, 2023. "The Innovative Nature of Selected Polish Companies in the Energy Sector Compared to the Use of Renewable Energy Sources from a Financial and an Investor’s Perspective," Resources, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-19, December.

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