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Numerical Simulation of Hydrate Decomposition during the Drilling Process of the Hydrate Reservoir in the Northern South China Sea

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  • Lei Zhang

    (Key Laboratory of Gas Hydrate, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
    Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Yu Zhang

    (Key Laboratory of Gas Hydrate, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
    Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Chang Chen

    (Key Laboratory of Gas Hydrate, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
    Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Xiao-Sen Li

    (Key Laboratory of Gas Hydrate, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
    Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Zhao-Yang Chen

    (Key Laboratory of Gas Hydrate, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
    Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China)

Abstract

The process of drilling in natural gas hydrate reservoirs in sea areas involves problems such as hydrate decomposition and wellbore instability. To study the response behaviors of a reservoir during the drilling process, a two-dimensional numerical model of drilling fluid invading a hydrate reservoir in a cylindrical coordinate system was established to simulate the processes of heat and mass transfer, gas–liquid two-phase flow, and hydrate formation and decomposition in the hydrate reservoir during the drilling process. Based on the hydrate reservoir at station W17, Shenhu area of the South China Sea, the physical property response of the hydrate reservoir under different drilling fluid temperatures and salinity values was studied. The simulation results showed that during the drilling process, the temperature and pressure of the reservoir respond rapidly in a large area, further promoting the hydrate decomposition in the reservoir around the wellbore and leading to secondary hydrate formation. Moreover, a high hydrate saturation zone appears near the decomposed hydrate area in the layer without free gas, which corresponds to the low water saturation and high salinity zone. The hydrate decomposition area in the layer with free gas is larger than that without free gas. The increase in the drilling fluid temperature significantly enhances the hydrate decomposition in both layers of the reservoir. The hydrate decomposition near the wellbore under the high drilling fluid temperature will cause a sharp increase in the pressure in the reservoir, leading to the flow of pore fluid into the wellbore. The increase in drilling fluid salinity has little effect on the range of the hydrate decomposition in the reservoir but significantly increases the salinity of the pore water in the layer with free gas. As the drilling fluid temperature increases, the possibility of the gas invasion from the reservoir into the wellbore will be greatly increased at the early stage.

Suggested Citation

  • Lei Zhang & Yu Zhang & Chang Chen & Xiao-Sen Li & Zhao-Yang Chen, 2022. "Numerical Simulation of Hydrate Decomposition during the Drilling Process of the Hydrate Reservoir in the Northern South China Sea," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-29, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:9:p:3273-:d:806064
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Chong, Zheng Rong & Yang, She Hern Bryan & Babu, Ponnivalavan & Linga, Praveen & Li, Xiao-Sen, 2016. "Review of natural gas hydrates as an energy resource: Prospects and challenges," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 1633-1652.
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