IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v15y2022i9p3149-d802141.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Households’ Energy Choices in Rural Pakistan

Author

Listed:
  • Muhammad Ahmar

    (College of Economics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China)

  • Fahad Ali

    (School of Finance, Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, Hangzhou 310058, China)

  • Yuexiang Jiang

    (College of Economics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China)

  • Mamdooh Alwetaishi

    (Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia)

  • Sherif S. M. Ghoneim

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

In the wake of the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals—zero hunger and affordable modern/clean energy for all—many developing countries have taken serious steps in recent years to increase clean energy access for the rural population. The government of Pakistan has similarly made numerous efforts to promote the use of clean energy sources in the rural areas of the country. Therefore, this study examines rural households’ energy choices for cooking and lighting in Pakistan. In doing so, a comprehensive dataset is collected from three different districts of Pakistan between 2020 and 2021, and multivariate probit (MVP) model and Chi-square tests are employed. The Chi-square results indicate that the age, education level, and occupation of the household-head; household size and income; distance to market and wood source; and biogas system ownership are the significant factors affecting cooking choices. The MVP results show that an increase in education level, school-going children, access to credit facilities, and gender (female) are the key positive factors, whereas an increase in the distance to nearest market/road, household size, and age are the factors that negatively affect the likelihood of using clean energy sources for lighting. While comparing the propensity to use modern/clean energy fuels across the three districts, infrastructural development and literacy rate were found to be crucial factors.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Ahmar & Fahad Ali & Yuexiang Jiang & Mamdooh Alwetaishi & Sherif S. M. Ghoneim, 2022. "Households’ Energy Choices in Rural Pakistan," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-23, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:9:p:3149-:d:802141
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/9/3149/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/9/3149/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jan, Inayatullah & Akram, Waqar, 2018. "Willingness of rural communities to adopt biogas systems in Pakistan: Critical factors and policy implications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P2), pages 3178-3185.
    2. Wassie, Yibeltal T. & Rannestad, Meley M. & Adaramola, Muyiwa S., 2021. "Determinants of household energy choices in rural sub-Saharan Africa: An example from southern Ethiopia," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 221(C).
    3. Rahut, Dil Bahadur & Das, Sukanya & De Groote, Hugo & Behera, Bhagirath, 2014. "Determinants of household energy use in Bhutan," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 661-672.
    4. Heltberg, Rasmus, 2004. "Fuel switching: evidence from eight developing countries," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 26(5), pages 869-887, September.
    5. Koirala, Dhiroj Prasad & Acharya, Bikram, 2022. "Households’ fuel choices in the context of a decade-long load-shedding problem in Nepal," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C).
    6. Yasmin, Nazia & Grundmann, Philipp, 2020. "Home-cooked energy transitions: Women empowerment and biogas-based cooking technology in Pakistan," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    7. Fahad Ali & RongRong He & YueXiang Jiang, 2018. "Size, Value and Business Cycle Variables. The Three-Factor Model and Future Economic Growth: Evidence from an Emerging Market," Economies, MDPI, vol. 6(1), pages 1-24, February.
    8. Ali, Fahad & Ahmar, Muhammad & Jiang, Yuexiang & AlAhmad, Mohammad, 2021. "A techno-economic assessment of hybrid energy systems in rural Pakistan," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(PA).
    9. Shupler, Matthew & Mwitari, James & Gohole, Arthur & Anderson de Cuevas, Rachel & Puzzolo, Elisa & Čukić, Iva & Nix, Emily & Pope, Daniel, 2021. "COVID-19 impacts on household energy & food security in a Kenyan informal settlement: The need for integrated approaches to the SDGs," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    10. Acharya, Bikram & Adhikari, Santosh, 2021. "Household energy consumption and adaptation behavior during crisis: Evidence from Indian economic blockade on Nepal," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 148(PB).
    11. Ismail Shah & Hasnain Iftikhar & Sajid Ali, 2020. "Modeling and Forecasting Medium-Term Electricity Consumption Using Component Estimation Technique," Forecasting, MDPI, vol. 2(2), pages 1-17, May.
    12. van der Kroon, Bianca & Brouwer, Roy & van Beukering, Pieter J.H., 2013. "The energy ladder: Theoretical myth or empirical truth? Results from a meta-analysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 20(C), pages 504-513.
    13. Kelebe, Haftu Etsay & Ayimut, Kiros Meles & Berhe, Gebresilasse Hailu & Hintsa, Kidane, 2017. "Determinants for adoption decision of small scale biogas technology by rural households in Tigray, Ethiopia," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 272-278.
    14. Ismail Shah & Hasnain Iftikhar & Sajid Ali & Depeng Wang, 2019. "Short-Term Electricity Demand Forecasting Using Components Estimation Technique," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(13), pages 1-17, July.
    15. Jean Hugues Nlom & Aziz A. Karimov, 2015. "Modeling Fuel Choice among Households in Northern Cameroon," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(8), pages 1-11, July.
    16. Akhter Ali & Dil Bahadur Rahut & Khondoker Abdul Mottaleb & Jeetendra Prakash Aryal, 2019. "Alternate energy sources for lighting among rural households in the Himalayan region of Pakistan: Access and impact," Energy & Environment, , vol. 30(7), pages 1291-1312, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Imre Kovách & Boldizsár Gergely Megyesi, 2023. "Energy Use Research in the Social Sciences–Introduction to a Research Topic," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-8, April.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Koirala, Dhiroj Prasad & Acharya, Bikram, 2022. "Households’ fuel choices in the context of a decade-long load-shedding problem in Nepal," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C).
    2. Wassie, Yibeltal T. & Rannestad, Meley M. & Adaramola, Muyiwa S., 2021. "Determinants of household energy choices in rural sub-Saharan Africa: An example from southern Ethiopia," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 221(C).
    3. Fentie, Amare & Hassen, Sied & Sebsibie, Samuel, 2023. "Climbing up the ladder: Households' fuel choice transition for lighting in Ethiopia," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
    4. Klege, Rebecca A. & Amuakwa-Mensah, Franklin & Visser, Martine, 2022. "Tenancy and energy choices in Rwanda. A replication and extension study," World Development Perspectives, Elsevier, vol. 26(C).
    5. Kojo Sarfo Gyamfi & Elena Gaura & James Brusey & Alessandro Bezerra Trindade & Nandor Verba, 2020. "Understanding Household Fuel Choice Behaviour in the Amazonas State, Brazil: Effects of Validation and Feature Selection," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-21, July.
    6. Muller, Christophe & Yan, Huijie, 2018. "Household fuel use in developing countries: Review of theory and evidence," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 429-439.
    7. Gaur, Varun, 2018. "Determinants of household’s modern cooking and lighting energy transition in rural India – Exploring household’s activities and its interactions with other households," Discussion Papers 271347, University of Bonn, Center for Development Research (ZEF).
    8. Maheshwar Giri & Binoy Goswami, 2017. "Determinants of households’ choice of energy for lighting in Nepal," Economics and Business Letters, Oviedo University Press, vol. 6(2), pages 42-47.
    9. Ma, Wanglin & Zheng, Hongyun & Gong, Binlei, 2022. "Rural income growth, ethnic differences, and household cooking fuel choice: Evidence from China," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 107(C).
    10. Chen, Qiu, 2021. "District or distributed space heating in rural residential sector? Empirical evidence from a discrete choice experiment in South China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 148(PA).
    11. Ahmad, Munir & Jabeen, Gul, 2023. "Biogas technology adoption and household welfare perspectives for sustainable development," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C).
    12. Stabridis, Omar & van Gameren, Edwin, 2018. "Exposure to firewood: Consequences for health and labor force participation in Mexico," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 382-395.
    13. Emodi, Nnaemeka Vincent & Haruna, Emmanuel Umoru & Abdu, Nizam & Aldana Morataya, Sergio David & Dioha, Michael O. & Abraham-Dukuma, Magnus C., 2022. "Urban and rural household energy transition in Sub-Saharan Africa: Does spatial heterogeneity reveal the direction of the transition?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    14. Olorunjuwon David Adetayo & Gbenga John Oladehinde & Samson A. Adeyinka & Adejompo Fagbohunka, 2021. "Household Energy Demand in Typical Nigerian Rural Communities," European Journal of Business Science and Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of Business and Economics, vol. 7(2), pages 165-185.
    15. Evita Hanie Pangaribowo & Deden Dinar Iskandar, 2023. "Exploring socio-economic determinants of energy choices for cooking: the case of eastern Indonesian households," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(7), pages 7135-7148, July.
    16. Kuo, Ying-Min & Azam, Mehtabul, 2019. "Household Cooking Fuel Choice in India, 2004-2012: A Panel Multinomial Analysis," IZA Discussion Papers 12682, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    17. Tinta, Abdoulganiour Almame, 2024. "Ladder or Stacking: Lesson from Burkina Faso," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 186(C).
    18. Shittu, Ibrahim & Abdul Latiff, Abdul Rais Bin & Baharudin, Siti 'Aisyah, 2024. "Closing the clean cooking gap: Which policies and institutional qualities matter?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 185(C).
    19. Ahmed Moustapha Mfokeu & Elie Virgile Chrysostome & Jean-Pierre Gueyie & Olivier Ebenezer Mun Ngapna, 2023. "Consumer Motivation behind the Use of Ecological Charcoal in Cameroon," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-22, January.
    20. Guta, Dawit Diriba, 2014. "Effect of fuelwood scarcity and socio-economic factors on household bio-based energy use and energy substitution in rural Ethiopia," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 217-227.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:9:p:3149-:d:802141. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.