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Effect of Natural Ilmenite on the Solid Biomass Conversion of Inhomogeneous Fuels in Small-Scale Bubbling Fluidized Beds

Author

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  • Tanja Schneider

    (Chair of Energy Process Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fürther Straße 244f, 90429 Nürnberg, Germany)

  • Dominik Müller

    (Chair of Energy Process Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fürther Straße 244f, 90429 Nürnberg, Germany)

  • Jürgen Karl

    (Chair of Energy Process Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fürther Straße 244f, 90429 Nürnberg, Germany)

Abstract

The application of oxygen carriers as alternative bed material in fluidized bed combustion originates from chemical lopping processes. They serve as oxygen transport agents undergoing consecutive redox cycles. Thereby, oxygen carriers can provide surplus oxygen in oxygen-lean areas of fluidized bed combustion processes. In turn, re-oxidation takes place in oxygen-rich reactor parts. A more homogeneous combustion and reduced CO emissions follow during steady-state operation. However, especially regarding solid biomass conversion, inhomogeneous fuel qualities result in transient combustion conditions. Therefore, this research deals with the influence of the oxygen carrier ilmenite on solid biomass conversion. Separated batch experiments with methane (volatile), char and wood pellets took place in a laboratory bubbling fluidized bed reactor. They reveal that ilmenite enhances the in-bed CO 2 yield by up to 63% during methane combustion. Batch char experiments confirm that solid–solid reactions with ilmenite are negligible. However, heterogeneous gas–solid reactions reduce the O 2 partial pressure and limit the char conversion rate. The batch wood pellet experiments show that the ilmenite oxygen buffering effect is mitigated due to high local oxygen demand around the pellets and limited pellet distribution in the bed. Finally, the continuous operation in a 100 kW th BFB with inhomogeneous fuel input indicates a higher in-bed fuel conversion and confirms lower CO emissions and less fluctuation in the flue gas during inhomogeneous fuel supply.

Suggested Citation

  • Tanja Schneider & Dominik Müller & Jürgen Karl, 2022. "Effect of Natural Ilmenite on the Solid Biomass Conversion of Inhomogeneous Fuels in Small-Scale Bubbling Fluidized Beds," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-21, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:8:p:2747-:d:789812
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dominik Müller & Thomas Plankenbühler & Jürgen Karl, 2020. "A Methodology for Measuring the Heat Release Efficiency in Bubbling Fluidised Bed Combustors," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-19, May.
    2. Schneider, T. & Müller, D. & Karl, J., 2020. "A review of thermochemical biomass conversion combined with Stirling engines for the small-scale cogeneration of heat and power," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    3. Schneider, T. & Moffitt, J. & Volz, N. & Müller, D. & Karl, J., 2022. "Long-term effects of ilmenite on a micro-scale bubbling fluidized bed combined heat and power pilot plant for oxygen carrier aided combustion of wood," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 314(C).
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    1. Ling, Jester Lih Jie & Yang, Won & Park, Han Saem & Lee, Ha Eun & Lee, See Hoon, 2023. "A comparative review on advanced biomass oxygen fuel combustion technologies for carbon capture and storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).

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