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A Novel Smart Charging Method to Mitigate Voltage Fluctuation at Fast Charging Stations

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  • Sami M. Alshareef

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

The research presented in this paper focuses on the impact of fast charging stations (FCSs) on voltage quality. When the operation of FCSs causes a voltage fluctuation and light flicker, the FCSs may be disconnected, as per the utility general standard practice, which results in financial loss represented by FCS downtime. FCS downtime can be avoided by mitigating voltage fluctuation and light flicker. Flicker mitigation devices that are available in the market are characterized by their high total annual equivalent costs. As an alternative, a novel smart charging method is proposed in this study in order to mitigate both voltage fluctuation and light flicker, whereby customers can select one of three charging services available in fast chargers: premium, regular, or economic charging power. The charging power is selected according to customer priority in relation to time and cost, which offers more flexibility than those currently available in the literature. For instance, the premium power can be selected if the time is more valuable to the customer at the time of arrival at the FCS; in contrast, the regular or economic power are utilized if the cost is more valuable than the time. The results reveal that when an FCS charges a vehicle by an uncontrolled charging method, the FCS violates the flicker tolerance especially when demand for its service is increased by 20% and beyond. In contrast, the flicker limit is not violated when vehicles are charged from an FCS as per the proposed smart charging approach, even when the penetration on the FCS is increased by 50%. The proposed smart charging method offers a compromise solution to satisfy several stakeholders with different interests. Thus, the system operator equipment, FCS investors, nearby customers, and owners of electric vehicles will not be impacted by integrating the FCSs into the distribution networks.

Suggested Citation

  • Sami M. Alshareef, 2022. "A Novel Smart Charging Method to Mitigate Voltage Fluctuation at Fast Charging Stations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-25, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:5:p:1746-:d:759266
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Perera, D. & Meegahapola, L. & Perera, S. & Ciufo, P., 2014. "Characterisation of flicker emission and propagation in distribution networks with bi-directional power flows," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 172-180.
    2. van der Kam, Mart & van Sark, Wilfried, 2015. "Smart charging of electric vehicles with photovoltaic power and vehicle-to-grid technology in a microgrid; a case study," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 20-30.
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    Cited by:

    1. Sami M. Alshareef, 2022. "A Novel Fairness-Based Cost Model for Adopting Smart Charging at Fast Charging Stations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-28, May.
    2. Nnaemeka Vincent Emodi & Scott Dwyer & Kriti Nagrath & John Alabi, 2022. "Electromobility in Australia: Tariff Design Structure and Consumer Preferences for Mobile Distributed Energy Storage," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-18, May.

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