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Granular PCM-Enhanced Plaster for Historical Buildings: Experimental Tests and Numerical Studies

Author

Listed:
  • Eleonora Baccega

    (Department of Architecture, University of Ferrara, Via Quartieri 8, 44121 Ferrara, Italy)

  • Michele Bottarelli

    (Department of Architecture, University of Ferrara, Via Quartieri 8, 44121 Ferrara, Italy)

Abstract

The construction sector is among the major players responsible for global energy consumption and therefore related emissions, both because of the constantly increasing indoor air quality standard which requires increasingly higher energy demands as well as the great share of historical buildings which are now obsolete and are not up to date with current regulations. Phase change materials (PCMs) applied on the building envelope represent a feasible possibility to improve the performance of existing buildings, also the historical ones, increasing their thermal inertia without violating any legal restriction or causing further alterations to the structure. More specifically, focus of this research was on the addition of a granular paraffin PCM into a lime-based plaster. Experimental tests at lab scale and numerical simulations with COMSOL Multiphysics were carried out to characterize the plasters realized, namely one reference lime-based plaster and one with incorporated 10% by mass of granular PCM (named REFp and PCMp , respectively). The behavior of these plasters applied on the exterior side of a wall was then simulated and compared in terms of temperatures and heat fluxes. However, considering that the estimated thermal conductivity of the reference lime-based plaster was lower than the values found in literature, the simulations were carried out considering an additional plaster, namely a lime-based plaster (renamed LITp ), whose properties were found in literature and considered quite representative of a consistent share of existing historical buildings. Great improvements were observed from the application of PCM into the plaster, with reductions of the incoming energy between 9% and 18%.

Suggested Citation

  • Eleonora Baccega & Michele Bottarelli, 2022. "Granular PCM-Enhanced Plaster for Historical Buildings: Experimental Tests and Numerical Studies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-18, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:3:p:975-:d:736953
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ürge-Vorsatz, Diana & Cabeza, Luisa F. & Serrano, Susana & Barreneche, Camila & Petrichenko, Ksenia, 2015. "Heating and cooling energy trends and drivers in buildings," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 85-98.
    2. Lizana, Jesús & Chacartegui, Ricardo & Barrios-Padura, Angela & Valverde, José Manuel, 2017. "Advances in thermal energy storage materials and their applications towards zero energy buildings: A critical review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 203(C), pages 219-239.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jesus Fernando Hinojosa & Saul Fernando Moreno & Victor Manuel Maytorena, 2023. "Low-Temperature Applications of Phase Change Materials for Energy Storage: A Descriptive Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-39, March.
    2. Jingyu Cao & Wei Wu & Mingke Hu & Yunfeng Wang, 2023. "Green Building Technologies Targeting Carbon Neutrality," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-3, January.

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