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Frequency Regulation of an Islanded Microgrid Using Hydrogen Energy Storage Systems: A Data-Driven Control Approach

Author

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  • Gi-Ho Lee

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Gyungbuk, Republic of Korea)

  • Young-Jin Kim

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Gyungbuk, Republic of Korea)

Abstract

Hydrogen energy storage (HES) systems have recently received attention due to their potential to support real-time power balancing in a power grid. This paper proposes a data-driven model predictive control (MPC) strategy for HES systems in coordination with distributed generators (DGs) in an islanded microgrid (MG). In the proposed strategy, a data-driven model of the HES system is developed to reflect interactive operations of an electrolyzer, hydrogen tank, and fuel cell, and hence the optimal power sharing with DGs is achieved to support real-time grid frequency regulation (FR). The MG-level controller cooperates with a device-level controller of the HES system that overrides the FR support based on the level of hydrogen. Small-signal analysis is used to evaluate the contribution of FR support. Simulation case studies are also carried out to verify the accuracy of the data-driven model and the proposed strategy is effective for improving the real-time MG frequency regulation compared with the conventional PI-based strategy.

Suggested Citation

  • Gi-Ho Lee & Young-Jin Kim, 2022. "Frequency Regulation of an Islanded Microgrid Using Hydrogen Energy Storage Systems: A Data-Driven Control Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-13, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:23:p:8887-:d:983075
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Espinosa-López, Manuel & Darras, Christophe & Poggi, Philippe & Glises, Raynal & Baucour, Philippe & Rakotondrainibe, André & Besse, Serge & Serre-Combe, Pierre, 2018. "Modelling and experimental validation of a 46 kW PEM high pressure water electrolyzer," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 160-173.
    3. Parra, David & Valverde, Luis & Pino, F. Javier & Patel, Martin K., 2019. "A review on the role, cost and value of hydrogen energy systems for deep decarbonisation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 279-294.
    4. Arya, Yogendra, 2019. "Impact of hydrogen aqua electrolyzer-fuel cell units on automatic generation control of power systems with a new optimal fuzzy TIDF-II controller," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 468-482.
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