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Recent Advances in the Development of Nanocatalysts for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Author

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  • Maria H. de Sá

    (CIQUP—Chemistry Research Centre of the University of Porto, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
    CEFT—Transport Phenomena Research Centre, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal)

  • Catarina S. Moreira

    (CEFT—Transport Phenomena Research Centre, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
    AliCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal)

  • Alexandra M. F. R. Pinto

    (CEFT—Transport Phenomena Research Centre, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
    AliCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal)

  • Vânia B. Oliveira

    (CEFT—Transport Phenomena Research Centre, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
    AliCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal)

Abstract

Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) have attracted much attention due to their potential application as a power source for portable devices. Their simple construction and operation, associated with compact design, high energy density, and relatively high energy-conversion efficiency, give the DMFCs an advantage over other promising energy production technologies in terms of portability. Nowadays, research on DMFCs has received increased attention in both academics and industries. However, many challenges remain before these systems become commercial, including their costs and durability. As a key material with a high-value cost, noble metal catalysts for both the anode and cathode sides face several problems, which hinder the commercialisation of DMFCs. This paper provides a detailed comprehensive review of recent progress in the development of nanocatalysts (NCs) for the anode and cathode reactions of DMFCs, based on Platinum, Platinum-hybrid, and Platinum-free materials. Particular attention is devoted to the systematisation of published experimental results tested in DMFC devices since 2015, with an emphasis on passive DMFC systems. In addition, a dedicated section was created to include modelling/theoretical studies. Some open problems and remaining challenges are also highlighted in the final section.

Suggested Citation

  • Maria H. de Sá & Catarina S. Moreira & Alexandra M. F. R. Pinto & Vânia B. Oliveira, 2022. "Recent Advances in the Development of Nanocatalysts for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-47, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:17:p:6335-:d:902165
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dong Jin Ham & Jae Sung Lee, 2009. "Transition Metal Carbides and Nitrides as Electrode Materials for Low Temperature Fuel Cells," Energies, MDPI, vol. 2(4), pages 1-27, October.
    2. D.S. Falcão & R.A. Silva & C.M. Rangel & A.M.F.R. Pinto, 2017. "Performance of an Active Micro Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Using Reduced Catalyst Loading MEAs," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-9, October.
    3. Ogungbemi, Emmanuel & Ijaodola, Oluwatosin & Khatib, F.N. & Wilberforce, Tabbi & El Hassan, Zaki & Thompson, James & Ramadan, Mohamad & Olabi, A.G., 2019. "Fuel cell membranes – Pros and cons," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 155-172.
    4. Munjewar, Seema S. & Thombre, Shashikant B. & Mallick, Ranjan K., 2017. "Approaches to overcome the barrier issues of passive direct methanol fuel cell – Review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 1087-1104.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ali Karaca & Andreas Glüsen & Klaus Wippermann & Scott Mauger & Ami C. Yang-Neyerlin & Steffen Woderich & Christoph Gimmler & Martin Müller & Guido Bender & Horst Weller & Marcelo Carmo & Detlef Stolt, 2023. "Oxygen Reduction at PtNi Alloys in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells—Electrode Development and Characterization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-18, January.
    2. Claudio Rabissi & Matteo Zago & Fausto Bresciani & Pawel Gazdzicki & Andrea Casalegno, 2023. "A Novel Accelerated Stress Test for a Representative Enhancement of Cathode Degradation in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-14, April.

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