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The Use of Aminated Wheat Straw for Reactive Black 5 Dye Removal from Aqueous Solutions as a Potential Method of Biomass Valorization

Author

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  • Tomasz Jóźwiak

    (Department of Environment Engineering, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland)

  • Urszula Filipkowska

    (Department of Environment Engineering, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland)

  • Paulina Walczak

    (Department of Environment Engineering, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland)

Abstract

Straw is a by-product from cereal cultivation. Using straw surplus as a biofuel is a popular means of its management. However, before being used for fuel purposes, straw can be successfully used as a sorbent. The present study investigated the sorption properties of wheat straw ( Triticum aestivum L.) modified with ammonia water and epichlorohydrin against the reactive dye Reactive Black 5 (RB5). The tested sorbents were characterized based on FTIR, elemental analysis (C/N content), and pH PZC . The scope of the research included, among others, research on the effect of pH (pH 2–11) on the RB5 sorption efficiency, research on sorption kinetics, and determination of the maximum sorption capacity of the tested sorbents. The sorption efficiency of RB5 on the tested sorbents was the highest at pH 2–3. The experimental data from the research on the sorption kinetics of RB5 were best described by a pseudo-second-order model. The introduction of primary amine groups to the structure of sorbents significantly increased their sorption capacity towards RB5. The obtained sorption capacity of the aminated straw and the aminated straw pre-activated with epichlorohydrin was 24.12 mg RB5/g and 91.04 mg RB5/g, respectively, and it was higher by 44.3% and 444.5% compared to the unmodified straw.

Suggested Citation

  • Tomasz Jóźwiak & Urszula Filipkowska & Paulina Walczak, 2022. "The Use of Aminated Wheat Straw for Reactive Black 5 Dye Removal from Aqueous Solutions as a Potential Method of Biomass Valorization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-19, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:17:p:6257-:d:899631
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Marcin Dębowski & Magda Dudek & Marcin Zieliński & Anna Nowicka & Joanna Kazimierowicz, 2021. "Microalgal Hydrogen Production in Relation to Other Biomass-Based Technologies—A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-27, September.
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