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Switchgrass and Giant Reed Energy Potential when Cultivated in Heavy Metals Contaminated Soils

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  • Leandro Gomes

    (MEtRICs, Departamento de Ciências e Tecnologia da Biomassa, Departamento de Química, NOVA School of Science and Technology|FCT NOVA, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal)

  • Jorge Costa

    (MEtRICs, Departamento de Ciências e Tecnologia da Biomassa, Departamento de Química, NOVA School of Science and Technology|FCT NOVA, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
    Instituto Superior de Educação e Ciências, Alameda das Linhas de Torres 179, 1750-142 Lisbon, Portugal)

  • Joana Moreira

    (MEtRICs, Departamento de Ciências e Tecnologia da Biomassa, Departamento de Química, NOVA School of Science and Technology|FCT NOVA, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal)

  • Berta Cumbane

    (MEtRICs, Departamento de Ciências e Tecnologia da Biomassa, Departamento de Química, NOVA School of Science and Technology|FCT NOVA, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
    Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde, Universidade Zambeze, Recinto do Hospital Provincial de Tete, Bairro Josina Machel, Rua 3 de Fevereiro, 2300 Tete, Mozambique)

  • Marcelo Abias

    (MEtRICs, Departamento de Ciências e Tecnologia da Biomassa, Departamento de Química, NOVA School of Science and Technology|FCT NOVA, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
    Faculdade de Gestão de Turismo e Informática, Universidade Católica de Moçambique, Av. 25 de Setembro, N:725, C.P. 336 Cidade de Pemba, Mozambique)

  • Fernando Santos

    (Universidade Estadual do Rio Grande do Sul/UERGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves 8855, Porto Alegre 91540-000, Brazil)

  • Federica Zanetti

    (Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Alma Mater Studiorum–Università di Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy)

  • Andrea Monti

    (Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Alma Mater Studiorum–Università di Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy)

  • Ana Luisa Fernando

    (MEtRICs, Departamento de Ciências e Tecnologia da Biomassa, Departamento de Química, NOVA School of Science and Technology|FCT NOVA, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal)

Abstract

The cultivation of energy crops on degraded soils contributes to reduce the risks associated with land use change, and the biomass may represent an additional revenue as a feedstock for bioenergy. Switchgrass and giant reed were tested under 300 and 600 mg Cr kg −1 , 110 and 220 mg Ni kg −1 , and 4 and 8 mg Cd kg −1 contaminated soils, in a two year pot experiment. Switchgrass yields (average aerial 330 g.m −2 and below ground 430 g.m −2 ), after the second year harvest, were not affected by Cd contamination and 110 mg Ni kg −1 , but 220 mg Ni kg −1 significantly affected the yields (55–60% reduction). A total plant loss was observed in Cr-contaminated pots. Giant reed aboveground yields (control: 410 g.m −2 ), in the second year harvest, were significantly affected by all metals and levels of contamination (30–70% reduction), except in 110 mg Ni kg −1 pots. The belowground biomass yields (average 1600 g.m −2 ) were not affected by the tested metals. Contamination did not affect the high heating value (HHV) of switchgrass (average 18.4 MJ.kg −1 ) and giant reed aerial fractions (average 18.9 MJ.kg −1 , stems, and 18.1 MJ.kg −1 , leaves), harvested in the second year, indicating that the biomass can be exploited for bioenergy.

Suggested Citation

  • Leandro Gomes & Jorge Costa & Joana Moreira & Berta Cumbane & Marcelo Abias & Fernando Santos & Federica Zanetti & Andrea Monti & Ana Luisa Fernando, 2022. "Switchgrass and Giant Reed Energy Potential when Cultivated in Heavy Metals Contaminated Soils," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-28, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:15:p:5538-:d:876185
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Duncan Graham-Rowe, 2011. "Agriculture: Beyond food versus fuel," Nature, Nature, vol. 474(7352), pages 6-8, June.
    2. Paliza Shrestha & Korkmaz Bellitürk & Josef H. Görres, 2019. "Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal-Contaminated Soil by Switchgrass: A Comparative Study Utilizing Different Composts and Coir Fiber on Pollution Remediation, Plant Productivity, and Nutrient Leaching," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-16, April.
    3. Yang, Jinhang & Wang, Xin & Shen, Boxiong & Hu, Zhenzhong & Xu, Lianfei & Yang, Shuo, 2020. "Lignin from energy plant (Arundo donax): Pyrolysis kinetics, mechanism and pathway evaluation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 963-971.
    4. Mariana Abreu & Alberto Reis & Patrícia Moura & Ana Luisa Fernando & António Luís & Lídia Quental & Pedro Patinha & Francisco Gírio, 2020. "Evaluation of the Potential of Biomass to Energy in Portugal—Conclusions from the CONVERTE Project," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-32, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Giuseppe Toscano & Gaetano Zuccaro & Anna Corsini & Sarah Zecchin & Lucia Cavalca, 2023. "Dark Fermentation of Arundo donax: Characterization of the Anaerobic Microbial Consortium," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-16, February.

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