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Assessment of the Pretreatments and Bioconversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass Recovered from the Husk of the Cocoa Pod

Author

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  • Amílcar Díaz-González

    (Unidad Chontalpa, División Académica de Ingeníeria y Arquitetura, Universidad Juarez Autónoma de Tabasco (UJAT), Av. Universidad, Manuel Sanchez Marmol, Cunduacán CP 86690, Tabasco, Mexico)

  • Magdalena Yeraldi Perez Luna

    (Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Energías Renovables (CIDTER), Cuerpo Academico de Energía y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Politécnica de Chiapas (UPChiapas), Carretera Tuxtla Gutierrez.-Portillo Zaragoza Km 21+500, Col. Las Brisas, Suchiapa CP 29150, Chiapas, Mexico)

  • Erik Ramírez Morales

    (Unidad Chontalpa, División Académica de Ingeníeria y Arquitetura, Universidad Juarez Autónoma de Tabasco (UJAT), Av. Universidad, Manuel Sanchez Marmol, Cunduacán CP 86690, Tabasco, Mexico)

  • Sergio Saldaña-Trinidad

    (Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Energías Renovables (CIDTER), Cuerpo Academico de Energía y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Politécnica de Chiapas (UPChiapas), Carretera Tuxtla Gutierrez.-Portillo Zaragoza Km 21+500, Col. Las Brisas, Suchiapa CP 29150, Chiapas, Mexico)

  • Lizeth Rojas Blanco

    (Unidad Chontalpa, División Académica de Ingeníeria y Arquitetura, Universidad Juarez Autónoma de Tabasco (UJAT), Av. Universidad, Manuel Sanchez Marmol, Cunduacán CP 86690, Tabasco, Mexico)

  • Sergio de la Cruz-Arreola

    (Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Energías Renovables (CIDTER), Cuerpo Academico de Energía y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Politécnica de Chiapas (UPChiapas), Carretera Tuxtla Gutierrez.-Portillo Zaragoza Km 21+500, Col. Las Brisas, Suchiapa CP 29150, Chiapas, Mexico)

  • Bianca Yadira Pérez-Sariñana

    (Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Energías Renovables (CIDTER), Cuerpo Academico de Energía y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Politécnica de Chiapas (UPChiapas), Carretera Tuxtla Gutierrez.-Portillo Zaragoza Km 21+500, Col. Las Brisas, Suchiapa CP 29150, Chiapas, Mexico)

  • José Billerman Robles-Ocampo

    (Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Energías Renovables (CIDTER), Cuerpo Academico de Energía y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Politécnica de Chiapas (UPChiapas), Carretera Tuxtla Gutierrez.-Portillo Zaragoza Km 21+500, Col. Las Brisas, Suchiapa CP 29150, Chiapas, Mexico)

Abstract

The production of biofuels (biogas, ethanol, methanol, biodiesel, and solid fuels, etc.), beginning with cocoa pod husk (CPH), is a way for obtaining a final product from the use of the principal waste product of the cocoa industry. However, there are limitations to the bioconversion of the material due to its structural components (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin). Currently, CPH pretreatment methods are considered a good approach towards the improvement of both the degradation process and the production of biogas or ethanol. The present document aims to set out the different methods for pretreating lignocellulosic material, which are: physical (grinding and extrusion, among others); chemical (acids and alkaline); thermochemical (pyrolysis); ionic liquid (salts); and biological (microorganism) to improve biofuel production. The use of CPH as a substrate in bioconversion processes is a viable and promising option, despite the limitations of each pretreatment method.

Suggested Citation

  • Amílcar Díaz-González & Magdalena Yeraldi Perez Luna & Erik Ramírez Morales & Sergio Saldaña-Trinidad & Lizeth Rojas Blanco & Sergio de la Cruz-Arreola & Bianca Yadira Pérez-Sariñana & José Billerman , 2022. "Assessment of the Pretreatments and Bioconversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass Recovered from the Husk of the Cocoa Pod," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-17, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:10:p:3544-:d:814028
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    1. Sanjeev Kumar Soni & Apurav Sharma & Raman Soni, 2023. "Microbial Enzyme Systems in the Production of Second Generation Bioethanol," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-26, February.

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