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Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Hydrate-Bearing Sand: The Influence of Sand-Water Mixing Methods

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  • Weiguo Liu

    (Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China)

  • Dedong Pan

    (Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China)

  • Shi Shen

    (Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China)

  • Zeshao You

    (Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China)

  • Yuechao Zhao

    (Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China)

  • Xiang Sun

    (Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China)

Abstract

Laboratory-synthesized specimens are employed for an experimental study on the mechanical properties of hydrate-bearing sediments (HBS) due to the difficulty of field coring. A representative synthesized sample for the analysis of the mechanical properties of HBS in the experimental study requires evenly distributed hydrates in the pores of the sample. However, a specimen made with an improper sand–water mixing method might have an uneven water distribution, resulting in an uneven hydrate distribution when applying the ice-seeding method for hydrate formation. This study adopted three kinds of methods to mix sand and water before forming hydrates and applied the low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique to investigate how these methods affect the hydrate distribution, further affecting the mechanical properties. To analyze the mechanical properties of HBS, we conducted drained triaxial tests. As shown in low-field NMR, when we compacted a sample of the sand–water mixture and froze it upside-down before hydrate formation, a sample with an even water distribution was obtained. Subsequently, the hydrate in HBS distributed also evenly. The stress-strain curves present different strain softening and hardening patterns due to the different hydrate distributions. Moreover, the samples with the evenly distributed hydrates have higher initial elastic modulus and strength than the ones made with other methods.

Suggested Citation

  • Weiguo Liu & Dedong Pan & Shi Shen & Zeshao You & Yuechao Zhao & Xiang Sun, 2021. "Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Hydrate-Bearing Sand: The Influence of Sand-Water Mixing Methods," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-15, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:9:p:2554-:d:546107
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yang, Mingjun & Zhao, Jie & Zheng, Jia-nan & Song, Yongchen, 2019. "Hydrate reformation characteristics in natural gas hydrate dissociation process: A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    2. E. Dendy Sloan, 2003. "Fundamental principles and applications of natural gas hydrates," Nature, Nature, vol. 426(6964), pages 353-359, November.
    3. Li, Xiao-Sen & Xu, Chun-Gang & Zhang, Yu & Ruan, Xu-Ke & Li, Gang & Wang, Yi, 2016. "Investigation into gas production from natural gas hydrate: A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 286-322.
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    Cited by:

    1. Du, Hua & Chen, Huie & Kong, Fansheng & Luo, Yonggui, 2023. "Failure mode and the mechanism of methane hydrate-bearing clayey sand sediments under depressurization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).

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