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Control of Transformerless Inverter-Based Two-Stage Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System Using Adaptive-PI and Adaptive Sliding Mode Controllers

Author

Listed:
  • Kamran Zeb

    (School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Muhammad Saqib Nazir

    (School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Iftikhar Ahmad

    (School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Waqar Uddin

    (Division of Electronics & Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea)

  • Hee-Je Kim

    (School of Electrical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea)

Abstract

To enhance the move towards a sustainable society, the solar Photovoltaic (PV) industry and its applications are progressing at a rapid rate. However, the associated issues need to be addressed when connecting PV to the grid. Advanced and efficient controllers are required for the DC link to control the second harmonic ripple and current controllers to inject quality active and reactive power to the grid in the grid-connected PV system. In this paper, DC-link voltage, active power, and reactive power are successfully controlled in stationary reference using Adaptive-PI (A-PI) and Adaptive-Sliding Mode Controller (A-SMC) for a 3 kW single-phase two-stage transformerless grid-connected inverter. A Resonant Harmonic Compensator (RHC)-based Proportional Resonant (PR) controller is employed in the current-controlled loop. The magnitude, phase, and frequency information of the grid voltage are provided by Second-Order General Integral (SOGI)-based PLL that has harmonic immunity, fast-tracking accuracy, and a rapid-dynamic response. MATLAB ® /Simulink ® /Simscape R2017b were used for the test bench implementation. Two scenarios were considered: in the first case, the input PV power feedforward loop was avoided, while in second case, it was included. The feedforward loop of input PV power improved the overall system dynamics. The results show that the designed controller improves both the steady-state and dynamic performance as compared with a proper-regulated PI-controller. The proposed controllers are insensitive to active and reactive power variations, and are robust, stable, faster, and fault tolerant, as compared to controllers from prior studies.

Suggested Citation

  • Kamran Zeb & Muhammad Saqib Nazir & Iftikhar Ahmad & Waqar Uddin & Hee-Je Kim, 2021. "Control of Transformerless Inverter-Based Two-Stage Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System Using Adaptive-PI and Adaptive Sliding Mode Controllers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-15, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:9:p:2546-:d:545825
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Syed Zulqadar Hassan & Hui Li & Tariq Kamal & Uğur Arifoğlu & Sidra Mumtaz & Laiq Khan, 2017. "Neuro-Fuzzy Wavelet Based Adaptive MPPT Algorithm for Photovoltaic Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-16, March.
    2. Triet Nguyen-Van & Rikiya Abe & Kenji Tanaka, 2018. "MPPT and SPPT Control for PV-Connected Inverters Using Digital Adaptive Hysteresis Current Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-16, August.
    3. Triet Nguyen-Van & Rikiya Abe & Kenji Tanaka, 2018. "Digital Adaptive Hysteresis Current Control for Multi-Functional Inverters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-13, September.
    4. Kamran Zeb & Waqar U. Din & Muhammad Adil Khan & Ayesha Khan & Umair Younas & Tiago Davi Curi Busarello & Hee Je Kim, 2018. "Dynamic Simulations of Adaptive Design Approaches to Control the Speed of an Induction Machine Considering Parameter Uncertainties and External Perturbations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-25, September.
    5. Waqar Uddin & Kamran Zeb & Muhammad Adil Khan & Muhammad Ishfaq & Imran Khan & Saif ul Islam & Hee-Je Kim & Gwan Soo Park & Cheewoo Lee, 2019. "Control of Output and Circulating Current of Modular Multilevel Converter Using a Sliding Mode Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-22, October.
    6. Imran Khan & Kamran Zeb & Waqar Ud Din & Saif Ul Islam & Muhammad Ishfaq & Sadam Hussain & Hee-Je Kim, 2019. "Dynamic Modeling and Robust Controllers Design for Doubly Fed Induction Generator-Based Wind Turbines under Unbalanced Grid Fault Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-23, January.
    7. Zeb, Kamran & Uddin, Waqar & Khan, Muhammad Adil & Ali, Zunaib & Ali, Muhammad Umair & Christofides, Nicholas & Kim, H.J., 2018. "A comprehensive review on inverter topologies and control strategies for grid connected photovoltaic system," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 1120-1141.
    8. Muhammad Ishfaq & Waqar Uddin & Kamran Zeb & Imran Khan & Saif Ul Islam & Muhammad Adil Khan & Hee Je Kim, 2019. "A New Adaptive Approach to Control Circulating and Output Current of Modular Multilevel Converter," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-17, March.
    9. Kamran Zeb & Tiago Davi Curi Busarello & Saif Ul Islam & Waqar Uddin & Kummara Venkata Guru Raghavendra & Muhammad Adil Khan & Hee-Je Kim, 2020. "Design of Super Twisting Sliding Mode Controller for a Three-Phase Grid-connected Photovoltaic System under Normal and Abnormal Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-21, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yeqin Wang & Yan Yang & Rui Liang & Tao Geng & Weixing Zhang, 2022. "Adaptive Current Control for Grid-Connected Inverter with Dynamic Recurrent Fuzzy-Neural-Network," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-20, June.
    2. Jinn-Chang Wu & Hurng-Liahng Jou & Chung-Hsun Chang, 2023. "Power Conversion Interface for a Small-Capacity Photovoltaic Power Generation System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-17, January.

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