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Conversion of Slaughterhouse Wastes to Solid Fuel Using Hydrothermal Carbonization

Author

Listed:
  • Jongkeun Lee

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea)

  • Sungwan Cho

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea)

  • Daegi Kim

    (Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 38453, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea)

  • JunHee Ryu

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea)

  • Kwanyong Lee

    (Department of Environment and Public Health, College of Health Science, Jangan University, Gyeonggi 18331, Gyeonggi-do, Korea)

  • Haegeun Chung

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea)

  • Ki Young Park

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea)

Abstract

In this study, cattle and pig slaughterhouse wastes (SHWs) were hydrothermally carbonized at 150–300 °C, and the properties of SHW-derived hydrochar were evaluated for its use as a solid fuel. The results demonstrated that increasing the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) treatment temperature improved the energy-related properties (i.e., fuel ratio, higher heating value, and coalification degree) of both the cattle and pig SHW-derived hydrochars. However, the improvements of cattle SHW-derived hydrochars were not as dramatic as that of pig SHW-derived hydrochars, due to the lipid-rich components that do not participate in the HTC reaction. In this regard, there was no merit of using HTC treatment on cattle SHW for the production of hydrochar or using the hydrochar as a solid fuel in terms of energy retention efficiency. On the other hand, a mild HTC treatment at approximately 200 °C was deemed suitable for converting pig SHW to value-added solid fuel. The findings of this study suggest that the conversion of SHWs to hydrochar using HTC can provide an environmentally benign method for waste treatment and energy recovery from abandoned biomass. However, the efficiency of energy recovery varies depending on the chemical composition of the raw feedstock.

Suggested Citation

  • Jongkeun Lee & Sungwan Cho & Daegi Kim & JunHee Ryu & Kwanyong Lee & Haegeun Chung & Ki Young Park, 2021. "Conversion of Slaughterhouse Wastes to Solid Fuel Using Hydrothermal Carbonization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-10, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:6:p:1768-:d:522123
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Michela Lucian & Luca Fiori, 2017. "Hydrothermal Carbonization of Waste Biomass: Process Design, Modeling, Energy Efficiency and Cost Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-18, February.
    2. Poritosh Roy & Animesh Dutta & Jim Gallant, 2018. "Hydrothermal Carbonization of Peat Moss and Herbaceous Biomass (Miscanthus): A Potential Route for Bioenergy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-14, October.
    3. Zhiyu Li & Weiming Yi & Zhihe Li & Chunyan Tian & Peng Fu & Yuchun Zhang & Ling Zhou & Jie Teng, 2020. "Preparation of Solid Fuel Hydrochar over Hydrothermal Carbonization of Red Jujube Branch," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-10, January.
    4. Jongkeun Lee & Oh Kyung Choi & Dooyoung Oh & Kawnyong Lee & Ki Young Park & Daegi Kim, 2020. "Stimulation of Lipid Extraction Efficiency from Sewage Sludge for Biodiesel Production through Hydrothermal Pretreatment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-10, December.
    5. Amber Broch & Umakanta Jena & S. Kent Hoekman & Joel Langford, 2013. "Analysis of Solid and Aqueous Phase Products from Hydrothermal Carbonization of Whole and Lipid-Extracted Algae," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(1), pages 1-18, December.
    6. Lee, Jongkeun & Lee, Kwanyong & Sohn, Donghwan & Kim, Young Mo & Park, Ki Young, 2018. "Hydrothermal carbonization of lipid extracted algae for hydrochar production and feasibility of using hydrochar as a solid fuel," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 913-920.
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    1. Doyoon Ryu & Jongkeun Lee & Doyong Kim & Kyehwan Jang & Jongwook Lee & Daegi Kim, 2022. "Enhancement of the Biofuel Characteristics of Empty Fruit Bunches through Hydrothermal Carbonization by Decreasing the Inorganic Matters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-10, November.

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