IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v14y2021i4p1067-d501340.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Energy-Water-Carbon Nexus Optimization for the Path of Achieving Carbon Emission Peak in China Considering Multiple Uncertainties: A Case Study in Inner Mongolia

Author

Listed:
  • Yuan Liu

    (School of Economics and Management, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China)

  • Qinliang Tan

    (School of Economics and Management, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
    Beijing Key Laboratory of Renewable Electric Power and Low Carbon Development, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
    Research Center for Beijing Energy Development, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China)

  • Jian Han

    (School of Economics and Management, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China)

  • Mingxin Guo

    (School of Economics and Management, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China)

Abstract

The Chinese government has launched a guideline for carbon emissions up to the peak (CEUP) in the 2030 target. The electric power sector has to make its own contributions to the national CO 2 emissions mitigation target. In this study, a patron–client interactive optimized (PCIO) model is proposed to investigate the regional energy–water–carbon nexus optimization under the policy background of the CEUP target. Inner Mongolia, the largest energy base in China, which is also facing the prominent contradiction including the energy production and serious environmental problems, is chosen as a case study. Multiple uncertainties, including the fuel price uncertainty and output of the wind and solar power, are considered to make the optimization process more realistic. Results show that coal-fired power will gradually be substituted by the gas, wind, and solar power in Inner Mongolia to reach the CEUP target. The CO 2 capture and storage technology and air-cooling systems will play important roles, especially under the strict water policy scenario. However, the achievement of the CEUP and water-saving target will be at the expense of high system costs. The PCIO model makes it possible for the decision-maker to make flexible strategies to balance the CEUP target and saving system costs. The results have demonstrated the validity of the PCIO model in addressing the hierarchical programming problems.

Suggested Citation

  • Yuan Liu & Qinliang Tan & Jian Han & Mingxin Guo, 2021. "Energy-Water-Carbon Nexus Optimization for the Path of Achieving Carbon Emission Peak in China Considering Multiple Uncertainties: A Case Study in Inner Mongolia," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-21, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:4:p:1067-:d:501340
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/4/1067/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/4/1067/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Khan, Anwar & Chenggang, Yang & Hussain, Jamal & Bano, Sadia & Nawaz, AAmir, 2020. "Natural resources, tourism development, and energy-growth-CO2 emission nexus: A simultaneity modeling analysis of BRI countries," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    2. Panda, Ambarish & Tripathy, M., 2015. "Security constrained optimal power flow solution of wind-thermal generation system using modified bacteria foraging algorithm," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(P1), pages 816-827.
    3. Brauneis, Alexander & Mestel, Roland & Palan, Stefan, 2013. "Inducing low-carbon investment in the electric power industry through a price floor for emissions trading," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 190-204.
    4. Zhang, Ming & Liu, Xiao & Wang, Wenwen & Zhou, Min, 2013. "Decomposition analysis of CO2 emissions from electricity generation in China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 159-165.
    5. Ju, Liwei & Tan, Zhongfu & Li, Huanhuan & Tan, Qingkun & Yu, Xiaobao & Song, Xiaohua, 2016. "Multi-objective operation optimization and evaluation model for CCHP and renewable energy based hybrid energy system driven by distributed energy resources in China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 322-340.
    6. Liu, Gengyuan & Hu, Junmei & Chen, Caocao & Xu, Linyu & Wang, Ning & Meng, Fanxin & Giannetti, Biagio F. & Agostinho, Feni & Almeida, Cecília M.V. B. & Casazza, Marco, 2021. "LEAP-WEAP analysis of urban energy-water dynamic nexus in Beijing (China)," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 136(C).
    7. Zhang, Haonan & Zhang, Xingping & Yuan, Jiahai, 2020. "Transition of China's power sector consistent with Paris Agreement into 2050: Pathways and challenges," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 132(C).
    8. Chen, Yizhong & He, Li & Li, Jing, 2017. "Stochastic dominant-subordinate-interactive scheduling optimization for interconnected microgrids with considering wind-photovoltaic-based distributed generations under uncertainty," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 581-598.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Yuan Liu & Qinliang Tan & Jian Han & Mingxin Guo, 2021. "Energy–Water–CO 2 Synergetic Optimization Based on a Mixed-Integer Linear Resource Planning Model Concerning the Demand Side Management in Beijing’s Power Structure Transformation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-17, June.
    2. Yachen Xie & Jiaguo Qi & Rui Zhang & Xiaomiao Jiao & Gabriela Shirkey & Shihua Ren, 2022. "Toward a Carbon-Neutral State: A Carbon–Energy–Water Nexus Perspective of China’s Coal Power Industry," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-24, June.
    3. Shubo Hu & Zhengnan Gao & Jing Wu & Yangyang Ge & Jiajue Li & Lianyong Zhang & Jinsong Liu & Hui Sun, 2022. "Time-Interval-Varying Optimal Power Dispatch Strategy Based on Net Load Time-Series Characteristics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-23, February.
    4. Shangjia Wang & Wenhui Zhao & Shuwen Fan & Lei Xue & Zijuan Huang & Zhigang Liu, 2022. "Is the Renewable Portfolio Standard in China Effective? Research on RPS Allocation Efficiency in Chinese Provinces Based on the Zero-Sum DEA Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-18, May.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Li, Yanbin & Zhang, Feng & Li, Yun & Wang, Yuwei, 2021. "An improved two-stage robust optimization model for CCHP-P2G microgrid system considering multi-energy operation under wind power outputs uncertainties," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 223(C).
    2. Chen, Bin & Yan, Jun & Zhu, Xun & Liu, Yue, 2023. "The potential role of renewable power penetration in energy intensity reduction: Evidence from the Chinese provincial electricity sector," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 127(PB).
    3. Javed, Hasnain & Du, Jianguo & Iqbal, Shuja & Nassani, Abdelmohsen A. & Basheer, Muhammad Farhan, 2024. "The impact of mineral resource abundance on environmental degradation in ten mineral- rich countries: Do the green innovation and financial technology matter?," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    4. Wang, Peng & Huang, Ren & Zhang, Sufang & Liu, Xiaoli, 2023. "Pathways of carbon emissions reduction under the water-energy constraint: A case study of Beijing in China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    5. Mo, Jian-Lei & Schleich, Joachim & Zhu, Lei & Fan, Ying, 2015. "Delaying the introduction of emissions trading systems—Implications for power plant investment and operation from a multi-stage decision model," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 52(PB), pages 255-264.
    6. Da Li & Shijie Zhang & Yunhan Xiao, 2020. "Interval Optimization-Based Optimal Design of Distributed Energy Resource Systems under Uncertainties," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-18, July.
    7. Kaivo-oja, J. & Luukkanen, J. & Panula-Ontto, J. & Vehmas, J. & Chen, Y. & Mikkonen, S. & Auffermann, B., 2014. "Are structural change and modernisation leading to convergence in the CO2 economy? Decomposition analysis of China, EU and USA," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 115-125.
    8. Wang, Miao & Feng, Chao, 2017. "Analysis of energy-related CO2 emissions in China’s mining industry: Evidence and policy implications," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 77-87.
    9. David M. Newbery & David M. Reiner & Robert A. Ritz, 2018. "When is a carbon price floor desirable?," Working Papers EPRG 1816, Energy Policy Research Group, Cambridge Judge Business School, University of Cambridge.
    10. Xuankai Deng & Yanhua Yu & Yanfang Liu, 2015. "Effect of Construction Land Expansion on Energy-Related Carbon Emissions: Empirical Analysis of China and Its Provinces from 2001 to 2011," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(6), pages 1-22, June.
    11. Wang, Lixiao & Jing, Z.X. & Zheng, J.H. & Wu, Q.H. & Wei, Feng, 2018. "Decentralized optimization of coordinated electrical and thermal generations in hierarchical integrated energy systems considering competitive individuals," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 607-622.
    12. Jahanger, Atif & Hossain, Mohammad Razib & Usman, Muhammad & Chukwuma Onwe, Joshua, 2023. "Recent scenario and nexus between natural resource dependence, energy use and pollution cycles in BRICS region: Does the mediating role of human capital exist?," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    13. Wang, Xiaolei & Lin, Boqiang, 2016. "How to reduce CO2 emissions in China׳s iron and steel industry," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 1496-1505.
    14. Rahmani, Shima & Amjady, Nima, 2017. "A new optimal power flow approach for wind energy integrated power systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 349-359.
    15. Nazar, Mehrdad Setayesh & Jafarpour, Pourya & Shafie-khah, Miadreza & Catalão, João P.S., 2024. "Optimal planning of self-healing multi-carriers energy systems considering integration of smart buildings and parking lots energy resources," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 286(C).
    16. Dahlen, Niklas & Fehrenkötter, Rieke & Schreiter, Maximilian, 2024. "The new bond on the block — Designing a carbon-linked bond for sustainable investment projects," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 316-325.
    17. Georgică Gheorghe & Petronela Tudorache & Ioan Mihai Roşca, 2023. "The Contribution of Green Marketing in the Development of a Sustainable Destination through Advanced Clustering Methods," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-24, September.
    18. Zhang, HongWei & Ben, Fang & Qin, Meng, 2024. "Mineral resources, tourism, human capital, and carbon neutrality: A path towards balanced and sustainable development," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    19. Khaled Nusair & Lina Alhmoud, 2020. "Application of Equilibrium Optimizer Algorithm for Optimal Power Flow with High Penetration of Renewable Energy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-35, November.
    20. Afzali, Sayyed Faridoddin & Mahalec, Vladimir, 2017. "Optimal design, operation and analytical criteria for determining optimal operating modes of a CCHP with fired HRSG, boiler, electric chiller and absorption chiller," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 1052-1065.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:4:p:1067-:d:501340. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.