IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v14y2021i20p6647-d656030.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A Modified Resonant Column Device for In-Depth Analysis of Vibration in Cohesive and Cohesionless Soils

Author

Listed:
  • Piotr E. Srokosz

    (Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland)

  • Ireneusz Dyka

    (Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland)

  • Marcin Bujko

    (Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland)

  • Marta Bocheńska

    (Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland)

Abstract

With the accelerating progression of global climate change, switching to renewable energy sources is inevitable. Wind energy is a fast-growing branch of this industry, and according to the 2021 Global Wind Report, this trend must continue in order to limit the increase in global average temperature. While onshore wind turbines still dominate and account for most recent growth, offshore wind turbines are becoming a promising alternative for geographical, power density-related or even aesthetic reasons. Offshore wind turbines are subjected to more complex loading conditions and proper foundation design is very challenging, however, this is crucial for ensuring and maintaining the structure’s reliability. Soil dynamic tests are one of the bases for wind turbine foundation design. Technical regulations in many countries require such tests to be carried out in a Resonant Column (RC). In this study, a modification of the RC sensors and data acquisition system was introduced in order to conduct in-depth analysis of vibrating soil specimens. The new set of sensors contained five additional accelerometers (Analog Devices ADXL345) attached to the surface of a soil specimen that was subjected to dynamic loading. These accelerometers sent the data to a new data acquisition system, an ARM microcontroller with software developed by authors. The software was able to process test results synchronously with the original software of the RC device. Additionally, the load control system was supplemented with a current pulse generator, which makes it possible to observe the propagation of high-frequency mechanical waves in the tested materials. The modified dynamic testing equipment allowed for the measuring of accelerations and displacements at specific selected points located along the height of the sample, with sampling frequency more than three times higher than that offered by the sensors originally built into the RC device. As a result, some additional dynamic phenomena (i.e., disturbances in the uniformity of vibrations of non-cohesive materials, specimen–device contact imperfections) were observed in the tested soil specimens which remained undetected in standard RC test.

Suggested Citation

  • Piotr E. Srokosz & Ireneusz Dyka & Marcin Bujko & Marta Bocheńska, 2021. "A Modified Resonant Column Device for In-Depth Analysis of Vibration in Cohesive and Cohesionless Soils," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-25, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:20:p:6647-:d:656030
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/20/6647/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/20/6647/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wu, Xiaoni & Hu, Yu & Li, Ye & Yang, Jian & Duan, Lei & Wang, Tongguang & Adcock, Thomas & Jiang, Zhiyu & Gao, Zhen & Lin, Zhiliang & Borthwick, Alistair & Liao, Shijun, 2019. "Foundations of offshore wind turbines: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 379-393.
    2. Li, He & Diaz, H. & Guedes Soares, C., 2021. "A developed failure mode and effect analysis for floating offshore wind turbine support structures," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 133-145.
    3. Shittu, Abdulhakim Adeoye & Mehmanparast, Ali & Hart, Phil & Kolios, Athanasios, 2021. "Comparative study between S-N and fracture mechanics approach on reliability assessment of offshore wind turbine jacket foundations," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 215(C).
    4. Wang, Xuefei & Zeng, Xiangwu & Yang, Xu & Li, Jiale, 2018. "Feasibility study of offshore wind turbines with hybrid monopile foundation based on centrifuge modeling," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 209(C), pages 127-139.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Wang, Xuefei & Zeng, Xiangwu & Li, Xinyao & Li, Jiale, 2019. "Investigation on offshore wind turbine with an innovative hybrid monopile foundation: An experimental based study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 129-141.
    2. Zhang, Lijun & Li, Ye & Xu, Wenhao & Gao, Zhiteng & Fang, Long & Li, Rongfu & Ding, Boyin & Zhao, Bin & Leng, Jun & He, Fenglan, 2022. "Systematic analysis of performance and cost of two floating offshore wind turbines with significant interactions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 321(C).
    3. Sun, Chuan & Chen, Yueyi & Cheng, Cheng, 2021. "Imputation of missing data from offshore wind farms using spatio-temporal correlation and feature correlation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).
    4. Wang, Xuefei & Zeng, Xiangwu & Yang, Xu & Li, Jiale, 2019. "Seismic response of offshore wind turbine with hybrid monopile foundation based on centrifuge modelling," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C), pages 1335-1350.
    5. Nguyen, Thi Anh Tuyet & Chou, Shuo-Yan, 2018. "Impact of government subsidies on economic feasibility of offshore wind system: Implications for Taiwan energy policies," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C), pages 336-345.
    6. Soares-Ramos, Emanuel P.P. & de Oliveira-Assis, Lais & Sarrias-Mena, Raúl & Fernández-Ramírez, Luis M., 2020. "Current status and future trends of offshore wind power in Europe," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C).
    7. Jieyan Chen & Chengxi Li, 2020. "Design Optimization and Coupled Dynamics Analysis of an Offshore Wind Turbine with a Single Swivel Connected Tether," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-26, July.
    8. Lin, Zi & Liu, Xiaolei, 2020. "Wind power forecasting of an offshore wind turbine based on high-frequency SCADA data and deep learning neural network," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 201(C).
    9. Mingyuan Wang & Miao Wang & Xinglei Cheng & Qun Lu & Jiaqing Lu, 2022. "A New p–y Curve for Laterally Loaded Large-Diameter Monopiles in Soft Clays," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-16, November.
    10. Hernandez-Estrada, Edwin & Lastres-Danguillecourt, Orlando & Robles-Ocampo, Jose B. & Lopez-Lopez, Andres & Sevilla-Camacho, Perla Y. & Perez-Sariñana, Bianca Y. & Dorrego-Portela, Jose R., 2021. "Considerations for the structural analysis and design of wind turbine towers: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    11. Khakifirooz, Marzieh & Fathi, Michel & Lee, I-Chen & Tseng, Sheng-Tsaing, 2023. "Neural ordinary differential equation for sequential optimal design of fatigue test under accelerated life test analysis," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).
    12. Xu, Jiuping & Liu, Tingting, 2020. "Technological paradigm-based approaches towards challenges and policy shifts for sustainable wind energy development," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C).
    13. Pei Zhang & Shugeng Yang & Yan Li & Jiayang Gu & Zhiqiang Hu & Ruoyu Zhang & Yougang Tang, 2020. "Dynamic Response of Articulated Offshore Wind Turbines under Different Water Depths," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-20, June.
    14. Min-Chih Hsu & Hsuan-Shih Lee, 2023. "Applying AHP-IFNs-DEMATEL in Establishing a Supplier Selection Model: A Case Study of Offshore Wind Power Companies in Taiwan," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-23, June.
    15. McMorland, J. & Collu, M. & McMillan, D. & Carroll, J., 2022. "Operation and maintenance for floating wind turbines: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 163(C).
    16. Ju, Shen-Haw & Huang, Yu-Cheng & Huang, Yin-Yu, 2020. "Study of optimal large-scale offshore wind turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 161-174.
    17. Stefan Karamanski & Gareth Erfort, 2023. "Wind Energy Supply Profiling and Offshore Potential in South Africa," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-24, April.
    18. Golnary, Farshad & Moradi, Hamed, 2022. "Identification of the dynamics of the drivetrain and estimating its unknown parts in a large scale wind turbine," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 192(C), pages 50-69.
    19. Majidi Nezhad, Meysam & Neshat, Mehdi & Piras, Giuseppe & Astiaso Garcia, Davide, 2022. "Sites exploring prioritisation of offshore wind energy potential and mapping for wind farms installation: Iranian islands case studies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    20. Li, Ming & Luo, Haojie & Zhou, Shijie & Senthil Kumar, Gokula Manikandan & Guo, Xinman & Law, Tin Chung & Cao, Sunliang, 2022. "State-of-the-art review of the flexibility and feasibility of emerging offshore and coastal ocean energy technologies in East and Southeast Asia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 162(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:20:p:6647-:d:656030. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.