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An Experimental Investigation of Wake Characteristics and Power Generation Efficiency of a Small Wind Turbine under Different Tip Speed Ratios

Author

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  • Yu-Ting Wu

    (Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan)

  • Chang-Yu Lin

    (Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan)

  • Che-Ming Hsu

    (Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan)

Abstract

We carried out a wind tunnel experiment to examine the power generation efficiency of a stand-alone miniature wind turbine and its wake characteristics at different tip speed ratios (TSRs) under the same mean inflow velocity. Resistors in the electrical circuit were adjusted to control the TSRs to 0.9, 1.5, 3.0, 4.1, 5.2, and 5.9. The currents were measured to estimate the turbine power outputs versus the TSRs and then establish the actual power generation coefficient C p distribution. To calculate the mechanical power coefficient, a new estimation method of the mechanical torque constant is proposed. A reverse calibration on the blade rotation speed was performed with given electrical voltages and currents that are used to estimate the mechanical power coefficient C p, mech . In the experiment, the maximum C p,mech was approximately 0.358 (corresponding to the maximum C p of 0.212) at the TSR of 4.1. Significant findings indicate that the turbine at the TSR of 5.2 produces a smaller torque but a larger power output compared with that at the TSR of 3.0. This comparison further displays that the turbine at the TSR of 5.2, even with larger power output, still produces a turbine wake that has smaller velocity deficits and smaller turbulence intensity than that at the TSR of 3.0. This behavior demonstrates the significance of the blade-rotation control (i.e., pitch regulation) system to the turbine operation in a large wind farm for raising the overall farm power productivity.

Suggested Citation

  • Yu-Ting Wu & Chang-Yu Lin & Che-Ming Hsu, 2020. "An Experimental Investigation of Wake Characteristics and Power Generation Efficiency of a Small Wind Turbine under Different Tip Speed Ratios," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-19, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:8:p:2113-:d:349812
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yu-Ting Wu & Fernando Porté-Agel, 2012. "Atmospheric Turbulence Effects on Wind-Turbine Wakes: An LES Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(12), pages 1-23, December.
    2. Majid Bastankhah & Fernando Porté-Agel, 2017. "A New Miniature Wind Turbine for Wind Tunnel Experiments. Part II: Wake Structure and Flow Dynamics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-19, July.
    3. Wu, Yu-Ting & Liao, Teh-Lu & Chen, Chang-Kuo & Lin, Chuan-Yao & Chen, Po-Wei, 2019. "Power output efficiency in large wind farms with different hub heights and configurations," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 941-949.
    4. Dou, Bingzheng & Guala, Michele & Lei, Liping & Zeng, Pan, 2019. "Experimental investigation of the performance and wake effect of a small-scale wind turbine in a wind tunnel," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 819-833.
    5. Deepu Dilip & Fernando Porté-Agel, 2017. "Wind Turbine Wake Mitigation through Blade Pitch Offset," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-17, May.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Zhaobin Li & Xiaolei Yang, 2020. "Evaluation of Actuator Disk Model Relative to Actuator Surface Model for Predicting Utility-Scale Wind Turbine Wakes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-18, July.

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