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Optimized Layouts of Borehole Thermal Energy Storage Systems in 4th Generation Grids

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  • Hoofar Hemmatabady

    (Geothermal Science and Technology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstraße 9, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
    Graduate School of Excellence Energy Science and Engineering, Technical University of Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Str. 3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany)

  • Julian Formhals

    (Geothermal Science and Technology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstraße 9, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
    Graduate School of Excellence Energy Science and Engineering, Technical University of Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Str. 3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany)

  • Bastian Welsch

    (Geothermal Science and Technology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstraße 9, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
    Graduate School of Excellence Energy Science and Engineering, Technical University of Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Str. 3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany)

  • Daniel Otto Schulte

    (Geothermal Science and Technology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstraße 9, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany)

  • Ingo Sass

    (Geothermal Science and Technology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstraße 9, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
    Graduate School of Excellence Energy Science and Engineering, Technical University of Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Str. 3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany)

Abstract

Borehole thermal energy storage (BTES) systems are a viable option to meet the increasing cooling demand and to increase the sustainability of low-temperature district heating and cooling (DHC) grids. They are able to store the rejected heat of cooling cycles on a seasonal basis and deliver this heat during the heating season. However, their efficient practical implementation requires a thorough analysis from technical, economic and environmental points of view. In this comparative study, a dynamic exergoeconomic assessment is adopted to evaluate various options for integrating such a storage system into 4th generation DHC grids in heating dominated regions. For this purpose, different layouts are modeled and parameterized. Multi-objective optimization is conducted, varying the most important design variables in order to maximize exergetic efficiency and to minimize levelized cost of energy (LCOE). A comparison of the optimal designs of the different layouts reveals that passive cooling together with maximizing the heating temperature shift, accomplished by a heat pump, lead to optimal designs. Component-wise exergy and cost analysis of the most efficient designs highlights that heat pumps are responsible for the highest share in inefficiency while the installation of BTES has a high impact in the LCOE. BTES and buffer storage tanks have the lowest exergy destruction for all layouts and increasing the BTES volume results in more efficient DHC grids.

Suggested Citation

  • Hoofar Hemmatabady & Julian Formhals & Bastian Welsch & Daniel Otto Schulte & Ingo Sass, 2020. "Optimized Layouts of Borehole Thermal Energy Storage Systems in 4th Generation Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-26, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:17:p:4405-:d:404465
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    5. Giorgio Cau & Mario Petrollese & Vittorio Tola, 2022. "Modeling, Optimization and Testing of Thermal Energy Storage Systems and Their Integration in Energy Conversion Processes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-3, February.

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