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Battery Electric Vehicle Eco-Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control in the Vicinity of Signalized Intersections

Author

Listed:
  • Hao Chen

    (Virginia Tech Transportation Institute, 3500 Transportation Research Plaza, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA)

  • Hesham A. Rakha

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 3500 Transportation Research Plaza, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA)

Abstract

This study develops a connected eco-driving controller for battery electric vehicles (BEVs), the BEV Eco-Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control at Intersections (Eco-CACC-I). The developed controller can assist BEVs while traversing signalized intersections with minimal energy consumption. The calculation of the optimal vehicle trajectory is formulated as an optimization problem under the constraints of (1) vehicle acceleration/deceleration behavior, defined by a vehicle dynamics model; (2) vehicle energy consumption behavior, defined by a BEV energy consumption model; and (3) the relationship between vehicle speed, location, and signal timing, defined by vehicle characteristics and signal phase and timing (SPaT) data shared under a connected vehicle environment. The optimal speed trajectory is computed in real-time by the proposed BEV eco-CACC-I controller, so that a BEV can follow the optimal speed while negotiating a signalized intersection. The proposed BEV controller was tested in a case study to investigate its performance under various speed limits, roadway grades, and signal timings. In addition, a comparison of the optimal speed trajectories for BEVs and internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) was conducted to investigate the impact of vehicle engine types on eco-driving solutions. Lastly, the proposed controller was implemented in microscopic traffic simulation software to test its networkwide performance. The test results from an arterial corridor with three signalized intersections demonstrate that the proposed controller can effectively reduce stop-and-go traffic in the vicinity of signalized intersections and that the BEV Eco-CACC-I controller produces average savings of 9.3% in energy consumption and 3.9% in vehicle delays.

Suggested Citation

  • Hao Chen & Hesham A. Rakha, 2020. "Battery Electric Vehicle Eco-Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control in the Vicinity of Signalized Intersections," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-16, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:10:p:2433-:d:357232
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Saboohi, Y. & Farzaneh, H., 2009. "Model for developing an eco-driving strategy of a passenger vehicle based on the least fuel consumption," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(10), pages 1925-1932, October.
    2. Fiori, Chiara & Ahn, Kyoungho & Rakha, Hesham A., 2016. "Power-based electric vehicle energy consumption model: Model development and validation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 257-268.
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    Cited by:

    1. Bas, Javier & Zofío, José L. & Cirillo, Cinzia & Chen, Hao & Rakha, Hesham A., 2022. "Policy and industry implications of the potential market penetration of electric vehicles with eco-cooperative adaptive cruise control," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 242-256.
    2. Wang, Pangwei & Wang, Xindi & Ye, Rongsheng & Sun, Yuanzhe & Liu, Cheng & Zhang, Juan, 2024. "Eco-driving-based mixed vehicular platoon control model for successive signalized intersections," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 639(C).
    3. Nan, Sirui & Tu, Ran & Li, Tiezhu & Sun, Jian & Chen, Haibo, 2022. "From driving behavior to energy consumption: A novel method to predict the energy consumption of electric bus," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(PA).

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