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Intelligent Control of Wind-Assisted PHEVs Smart Charging Station

Author

Listed:
  • Syed Zulqadar Hassan

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, National Univeristy of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Chiniot–Faisalabad Campus, 35400 Chiniot, Pakistan)

  • Tariq Kamal

    (Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sakarya University, Faculty of Engineering, 54050 Serdivan/Sakarya, Turkey)

  • Muhammad Hussnain Riaz

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), 54792 Lahore, Pakistan)

  • Syed Aamir Hussain Shah

    (Ministry of Planning, Development and Reform, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan)

  • Hina Gohar Ali

    (Department of Telecommunications and Systems Engineering, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
    School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, National University of Science and Technology (NUST), 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Tanveer Riaz

    (School of Electrical Engineering, The University of Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Sarmad

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Lahore, 54890 Punjab, Pakistan)

  • Amir Zahoor

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, National Univeristy of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Chiniot–Faisalabad Campus, 35400 Chiniot, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Abbas Khan

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Balochistan University of Information Technology Engineering and Management Sciences, Airport Road Baleli, 87650 Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan)

  • Julio Pascual Miqueleiz

    (Department of Electrical, Electronic and Comunications Engineering, Institute of Smart Cities (ISC), Public University of Navarre (UPNA), Campus Arrosadia s/n, Edificio de los Pinos, 3100 Pamplona6, Spain)

Abstract

Two technology opportunities, integration of renewable energy sources and the electrification of vehicles are being encouraged to reduce dependency on fossil fuels and pollution problems. Nevertheless, the huge increase of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) on roads will cause an additional load in demand, especially at rush hours, and therefore, threatens the stability of existing power grids. Considering PHEV stay for several hours in the workplace, (i.e., university), this may provide an inimitable framework to charge PHEV from wind in the workplace. This paper introduces the possibility of introducing intelligent control of wind power and battery storage units as supplementary power sources for future PHEV charging demands during rush hours. The operation of the proposed algorithm is based on the priority levels of PHEVs charging, and fluctuations in DC link voltage levels due to the variation in wind speed. The priorities of PHEVs charging are developed according to their power requirements, maximum rating of distribution transformer and park duration of PHEVs in the workplace during wind speed. Various non-isolated proportional–integral controllers and improved intelligent fuzzy control are used to keep a minimum critical DC link voltage to permit the power conditioning system to operate a charging station uninterruptedly, even at low wind speed. The improved intelligent fuzzy controller also contributes to minimizing the stress on the DC bus and ensures quality output power. The performance of the proposed charging station is verified for the real PHEV under real-world record of wind speed. All the energy sources, electric charging station and their controllers are designed in MATLAB/Simulink. Finally, the feasibility of proposed charging station is checked experimentally in the laboratory.

Suggested Citation

  • Syed Zulqadar Hassan & Tariq Kamal & Muhammad Hussnain Riaz & Syed Aamir Hussain Shah & Hina Gohar Ali & Muhammad Tanveer Riaz & Muhammad Sarmad & Amir Zahoor & Muhammad Abbas Khan & Julio Pascual Miq, 2019. "Intelligent Control of Wind-Assisted PHEVs Smart Charging Station," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-31, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:5:p:909-:d:212334
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dallinger, David & Gerda, Schubert & Wietschel, Martin, 2013. "Integration of intermittent renewable power supply using grid-connected vehicles – A 2030 case study for California and Germany," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 666-682.
    2. Zhao, Jiayun & Kucuksari, Sadik & Mazhari, Esfandyar & Son, Young-Jun, 2013. "Integrated analysis of high-penetration PV and PHEV with energy storage and demand response," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 35-51.
    3. Green II, Robert C. & Wang, Lingfeng & Alam, Mansoor, 2011. "The impact of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles on distribution networks: A review and outlook," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(1), pages 544-553, January.
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