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Electromagnetic effects model and design of energy systems for lithium batteries with gradient structure in sustainable energy electric vehicles

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  • Li, Yong
  • Yang, Jie
  • Song, Jian

Abstract

Lithium batteries with electromagnetic gradient structure have special macroscopic equivalent performance. In this Review, methods to characterize this macroscopic property have been proposed in both theory and practice. The goal is to address the heterogeneity of the energy system as well as the electromagnetic effects caused by microstructure. In this Review, electromagnetic effect model and design theory of vehicle energy systems, gradient structure are introduced. The mechanism of heterogeneity and the electromagnetic effect are highlighted. Methods and experimental gradient structure characterization techniques under electric, magnetic, and temperature fields are reviewed, with emphasis being placed on gradient structure multi-field characterization, test, and evaluation. The comprehensive evaluation of energy system architecture and gradient structure design methodology is to support the application of electromagnetic lithium battery use in electric vehicles.

Suggested Citation

  • Li, Yong & Yang, Jie & Song, Jian, 2015. "Electromagnetic effects model and design of energy systems for lithium batteries with gradient structure in sustainable energy electric vehicles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 842-851.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:52:y:2015:i:c:p:842-851
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.07.155
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    Cited by:

    1. Mihai Machedon-Pisu & Paul Nicolae Borza, 2019. "Are Personal Electric Vehicles Sustainable? A Hybrid E-Bike Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-24, December.
    2. Li, Yong & Yang, Jie & Song, Jian, 2016. "Structural model, size effect and nano-energy system design for more sustainable energy of solid state automotive battery," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 685-697.
    3. Ummartyotin, S. & Bunnak, N. & Manuspiya, H., 2016. "A comprehensive review on modified clay based composite for energy based materials," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 466-472.
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    5. Li, Yong & Yang, Jie & Song, Jian, 2017. "Structure models and nano energy system design for proton exchange membrane fuel cells in electric energy vehicles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 160-172.
    6. Li, Yong & Yang, Jie & Song, Jian, 2016. "Nano-energy system coupling model and failure characterization of lithium ion battery electrode in electric energy vehicles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 1250-1261.
    7. Li, Yong & Yang, Jie & Song, Jian, 2017. "Design principles and energy system scale analysis technologies of new lithium-ion and aluminum-ion batteries for sustainable energy electric vehicles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 645-651.
    8. Li, Yong & Yang, Jie & Song, Jian, 2017. "Design structure model and renewable energy technology for rechargeable battery towards greener and more sustainable electric vehicle," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 19-25.
    9. Mahmoudzadeh Andwari, Amin & Pesiridis, Apostolos & Rajoo, Srithar & Martinez-Botas, Ricardo & Esfahanian, Vahid, 2017. "A review of Battery Electric Vehicle technology and readiness levels," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 414-430.

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