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Theoretical and Experimental Study to Determine Voltage Violation, Reverse Electric Current and Losses in Prosumers Connected to Low-Voltage Power Grid

Author

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  • Igor Cavalcante Torres

    (Agricultural Sciences Center, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Rio Largo 57100-000, Brazil)

  • Gustavo F. Negreiros

    (Nuclear Energy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50740-545, Brazil)

  • Chigueru Tiba

    (Nuclear Energy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50740-545, Brazil)

Abstract

The impact of PV generation distributed in a low voltage transmission line depends on many factors: The distribution lines and PV generators characteristics, its location, operational control, local meteorological conditions, electricity consumption profile, and the electricity cost variation. An atypical and challenging behavior of photovoltaic distributed generation (DG) insertion in consumer units (CUs), implies in some circumstances, as the reverse directionality of the power flow between the load equipped with a photovoltaic system generator and the electrical grid, when a CU contains a distributed generation and low power consumption, the power flow will be directed to the power electric grid. In this work, the modeling of a low-voltage real feeder was performed, setting the variables of the system under real operating conditions. As result, voltage levels variability throughout the feeder, the electrical losses, and the asymmetry between the phases were observed. Through simulation scenarios, the occurrence of voltage increase under different penetration scenarios of distributed generation was verified and there was a 10% increase in reference voltage as well as the occurrence of higher electrical losses by reverse current, reaching 1200% more with a DG penetration, in the massive presence of the photovoltaic generator. The mitigatory action used in this work was able to attenuate the negative impacts to the feeder circuit, ensuring the integrity grid and the consumer unit.

Suggested Citation

  • Igor Cavalcante Torres & Gustavo F. Negreiros & Chigueru Tiba, 2019. "Theoretical and Experimental Study to Determine Voltage Violation, Reverse Electric Current and Losses in Prosumers Connected to Low-Voltage Power Grid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-20, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:23:p:4568-:d:292531
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yu-Cheol Jeong & Eul-Bum Lee & Douglas Alleman, 2019. "Reducing Voltage Volatility with Step Voltage Regulators: A Life-Cycle Cost Analysis of Korean Solar Photovoltaic Distributed Generation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-16, February.
    2. Qiangqiang Xie & Xiangrong Shentu & Xusheng Wu & Yi Ding & Yongzhu Hua & Jiadong Cui, 2019. "Coordinated Voltage Regulation by On-Load Tap Changer Operation and Demand Response Based on Voltage Ranking Search Algorithm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-19, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Issah Babatunde Majeed & Nnamdi I. Nwulu, 2022. "Impact of Reverse Power Flow on Distributed Transformers in a Solar-Photovoltaic-Integrated Low-Voltage Network," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-19, December.
    2. Gregorio Fernández & Alejandro Martínez & Noemí Galán & Javier Ballestín-Fuertes & Jesús Muñoz-Cruzado-Alba & Pablo López & Simon Stukelj & Eleni Daridou & Alessio Rezzonico & Dimosthenis Ioannidis, 2021. "Optimal D-STATCOM Placement Tool for Low Voltage Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-31, July.
    3. Gustavo Fernandes de Negreiros & Fábio Xavier Lobo & Igor Cavalcante Torres & Chigueru Tiba, 2023. "Impact on Voltage Regulation in Medium Voltage Distribution Networks Due to the Insertion of Photovoltaic Generators," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-18, January.
    4. Igor Cavalcante Torres & Daniel M. Farias & Andre L. L. Aquino & Chigueru Tiba, 2021. "Voltage Regulation For Residential Prosumers Using a Set of Scalable Power Storage," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-28, June.
    5. Gregorio Fernández & Noemi Galan & Daniel Marquina & Diego Martínez & Alberto Sanchez & Pablo López & Hans Bludszuweit & Jorge Rueda, 2020. "Photovoltaic Generation Impact Analysis in Low Voltage Distribution Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-27, August.

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