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Measurement of Connectedness and Frequency Dynamics in Global Natural Gas Markets

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  • Tadahiro Nakajima

    (The Kansai Electric Power Company, Incorporated, Osaka 530-8270, Japan
    Graduate School of Economics, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan)

  • Yuki Toyoshima

    (Shinsei Bank, Limited, Tokyo 103-8303, Japan)

Abstract

We examine spillovers among the North American, European, and Asia–Pacific natural gas markets based on daily data. We use daily natural gas price indexes from 2 February 2009 to 28 February 2019 for the Henry Hub, National Balancing Point, Title Transfer Facility, and Japan Korea Marker. The results of spillover analyses indicate the total connectedness of the return and volatility series to be 22.9% and 32.8%, respectively. In other words, volatility is more highly integrated than returns. The results of the spectral analyses indicate the spillover effect of the return series can largely be explained by short-term factors, while that of the volatility series can be largely explained by long-term factors. The results of the dynamic analyses with moving window samples do not indicate that global gas market liquidity increases with the increasing spillover index. However, the results identify the spillover effect fluctuation caused by demand and supply.

Suggested Citation

  • Tadahiro Nakajima & Yuki Toyoshima, 2019. "Measurement of Connectedness and Frequency Dynamics in Global Natural Gas Markets," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-15, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:20:p:3927-:d:277263
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    Cited by:

    1. Tadahiro Nakajima & Yuki Toyoshima, 2020. "Examination of the Spillover Effects among Natural Gas and Wholesale Electricity Markets Using Their Futures with Different Maturities and Spot Prices," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-14, March.
    2. Sang-Hyun Kim & Yeon-Yi Lim & Dae-Wook Kim & Man-Keun Kim, 2020. "Swing Suppliers and International Natural Gas Market Integration," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-12, September.
    3. Papież, Monika & Rubaszek, Michał & Szafranek, Karol & Śmiech, Sławomir, 2022. "Are European natural gas markets connected? A time-varying spillovers analysis," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    4. Michał Rubaszek & Karol Szafranek, 2025. "The European energy crisis and the US natural gas market dynamics: a structural VAR investigation," International Economics and Economic Policy, Springer, vol. 22(1), pages 1-22, February.
    5. Szafranek, Karol & Papież, Monika & Rubaszek, Michał & Śmiech, Sławomir, 2023. "How immune is the connectedness of European natural gas markets to exceptional shocks?," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 85(PA).
    6. Karol Szafranek & Michał Rubaszek, 2024. "The European energy crisis and the US natural gas market dynamics. A structural VAR investigation," KAE Working Papers 2024-099, Warsaw School of Economics, Collegium of Economic Analysis.

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