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Allocation of Ontario’s Surplus Electricity to Different Power-to-Gas Applications

Author

Listed:
  • Suaad S. Al-Zakwani

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada)

  • Azadeh Maroufmashat

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada)

  • Abdelkader Mazouz

    (College of Business, Al Ain University of Science and Technology, Al Ain 64141, UAE)

  • Michael Fowler

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada)

  • Ali Elkamel

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
    Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, UAE)

Abstract

Power-to-Gas (PtG) is a potential means of managing intermittent and weather-dependent renewable energies to create a storable chemical energy form. Power-to-Gas is not only a storage technology; its role can be extended to many other applications including energy distribution, transportation, and industrial use. This study quantifies the hydrogen volumes upon utilizing Ontario, Canada’s surplus electricity baseload and explores the allocation of the hydrogen produced to four Power-to-Gas pathways in terms of economic and environmental benefits, focusing on the following Power-to-Gas pathways: Power-to-Gas to mobility fuel, Power-to-Gas to industry, Power-to-Gas to natural gas pipelines for use as hydrogen-enriched natural gas, and Power-to-Gas to renewable natural gas (i.e., Methanation). The study shows that the Power-to-Gas to mobility fuel pathway has the potential to be implemented. Utilization of hydrogen for refueling light-duty vehicles is a profitable business case with an average positive net present value of $4.5 billions, five years payback time, and 20% internal rate of return. Moreover, this PtG pathway promises a potential 2,215,916 tonnes of CO 2 reduction from road travel.

Suggested Citation

  • Suaad S. Al-Zakwani & Azadeh Maroufmashat & Abdelkader Mazouz & Michael Fowler & Ali Elkamel, 2019. "Allocation of Ontario’s Surplus Electricity to Different Power-to-Gas Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-18, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:14:p:2675-:d:247767
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Azadeh Maroufmashat & Michael Fowler, 2017. "Transition of Future Energy System Infrastructure; through Power-to-Gas Pathways," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-22, July.
    2. Mukherjee, Ushnik & Walker, Sean & Maroufmashat, Azadeh & Fowler, Michael & Elkamel, Ali, 2017. "Development of a pricing mechanism for valuing ancillary, transportation and environmental services offered by a power to gas energy system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 447-462.
    3. Ibrahim, H. & Ilinca, A. & Perron, J., 2008. "Energy storage systems--Characteristics and comparisons," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 12(5), pages 1221-1250, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Sean Walker & Suadd Al-Zakwani & Azadeh Maroufmashat & Michael Fowler & Ali Elkamel, 2020. "Multi-Criteria Examination of Power-to-Gas Pathways under Stochastic Preferences," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-18, June.
    2. Tong Xing & Hongyu Lin & Zhongfu Tan & Liwei Ju, 2019. "Coordinated Energy Management for Micro Energy Systems Considering Carbon Emissions Using Multi-Objective Optimization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-27, November.
    3. Nicholas Preston & Azadeh Maroufmashat & Hassan Riaz & Sami Barbouti & Ushnik Mukherjee & Peter Tang & Javan Wang & Ali Elkamel & Michael Fowler, 2021. "An Economic, Environmental and Safety Analysis of Using Hydrogen Enriched Natural Gas (HENG) in Industrial Facilities," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-21, April.
    4. Shah Faisal & Ciwei Gao, 2024. "A Comprehensive Review of Integrated Energy Systems Considering Power-to-Gas Technology," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-21, September.
    5. Eugenio Meloni & Marco Martino & Giuseppina Iervolino & Concetta Ruocco & Simona Renda & Giovanni Festa & Vincenzo Palma, 2022. "The Route from Green H 2 Production through Bioethanol Reforming to CO 2 Catalytic Conversion: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-36, March.

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