IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v11y2018i6p1613-d153505.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Fully-distributed Load Frequency Control Strategy in an Islanded Microgrid Considering Plug-In Electric Vehicles

Author

Listed:
  • Xiao Qi

    (School of Control and Computer Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
    Synergy Innovation Center for Energy Economics of Shandong, Shandong Institute of Business and Technology, Yantai 264005, China)

  • Yan Bai

    (School of Control and Computer Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China)

  • Huanhuan Luo

    (State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Supply Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110004, China)

  • Yiqing Zhang

    (Synergy Innovation Center for Energy Economics of Shandong, Shandong Institute of Business and Technology, Yantai 264005, China)

  • Guiping Zhou

    (State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Supply Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110004, China)

  • Zhonghua Wei

    (State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Supply Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110004, China)

Abstract

With large-scale integration of electric vehicles, this paper investigates the load frequency control problem in an islanded microgrid with plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs), which can be regarded as mobile battery energy storages to provide a valuable contribution to frequency regulation. A novel fully-distributed control strategy is proposed to achieve fast frequency regulation of islanded microgrids and effective coordination control of distributed energy sources. Firstly, distributed control based on an improved linear active disturbance rejection algorithm is realized through a multi-agent system, and it greatly enhances the anti-disturbance capability of the microgrid. Then, in order to guarantee the effectiveness of PEVs in frequency regulation, PEVs are controlled following the controllable power rate (CPR) calculated from the consensus-based multi-agent system. Furthermore, the system control construction in this paper is well designed to avoid the negative effects caused by system communication time delay. Finally, numerical simulations under different disturbances are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy in comparison with other previous control strategies.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiao Qi & Yan Bai & Huanhuan Luo & Yiqing Zhang & Guiping Zhou & Zhonghua Wei, 2018. "Fully-distributed Load Frequency Control Strategy in an Islanded Microgrid Considering Plug-In Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-18, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:6:p:1613-:d:153505
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/6/1613/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/6/1613/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Pandey, Shashi Kant & Mohanty, Soumya R. & Kishor, Nand, 2013. "A literature survey on load–frequency control for conventional and distribution generation power systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 318-334.
    2. Dreidy, Mohammad & Mokhlis, H. & Mekhilef, Saad, 2017. "Inertia response and frequency control techniques for renewable energy sources: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 144-155.
    3. Kaur, Amandeep & Kaushal, Jitender & Basak, Prasenjit, 2016. "A review on microgrid central controller," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 338-345.
    4. Yang, Jun & He, Lifu & Fu, Siyao, 2014. "An improved PSO-based charging strategy of electric vehicles in electrical distribution grid," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 82-92.
    5. Xiao Qi & Yan Bai, 2017. "Improved Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control for Microgrid Frequency Regulation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-20, July.
    6. Coelho, Vitor N. & Weiss Cohen, Miri & Coelho, Igor M. & Liu, Nian & Guimarães, Frederico Gadelha, 2017. "Multi-agent systems applied for energy systems integration: State-of-the-art applications and trends in microgrids," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 820-832.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Giulio Ferro & Michela Robba & Roberto Sacile, 2020. "A Model Predictive Control Strategy for Distribution Grids: Voltage and Frequency Regulation for Islanded Mode Operation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-27, May.
    2. Masoud Babaei & Ahmadreza Abazari & S. M. Muyeen, 2020. "Coordination between Demand Response Programming and Learning-Based FOPID Controller for Alleviation of Frequency Excursion of Hybrid Microgrid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-23, January.
    3. Hu, Maomao & Xiao, Fu & Wang, Shengwei, 2021. "Neighborhood-level coordination and negotiation techniques for managing demand-side flexibility in residential microgrids," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    4. Khokhar, Bhuvnesh & Parmar, K. P. Singh, 2022. "A novel adaptive intelligent MPC scheme for frequency stabilization of a microgrid considering SoC control of EVs," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 309(C).
    5. Li, Jiawen & Zhou, Tao & Keke, He & Yu, Hengwen & Du, Hongwei & Liu, Shuangyu & Cui, Haoyang, 2023. "Distributed quantum multiagent deep meta reinforcement learning for area autonomy energy management of a multiarea microgrid," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 343(C).
    6. Dušan Medveď & Michal Kolcun & Marek Pavlík & Ľubomír Beňa & Marián Mešter, 2021. "Analysis of Prosumer Behavior in the Electrical Network," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-20, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Xiao Qi & Yan Bai, 2017. "Improved Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control for Microgrid Frequency Regulation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-20, July.
    2. Fernández-Guillamón, Ana & Gómez-Lázaro, Emilio & Muljadi, Eduard & Molina-García, Ángel, 2019. "Power systems with high renewable energy sources: A review of inertia and frequency control strategies over time," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
    3. Xiao Qi & Yan Bai & Huanhuan Luo & Yiqing Zhang & Guiping Zhou & Zhonghua Wei, 2018. "Novel Distributed Optimal Control of Battery Energy Storage System in an Islanded Microgrid with Fast Frequency Recovery," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-18, July.
    4. Shan, Kui & Wang, Shengwei & Zhuang, Chaoqun, 2021. "Controlling a large constant speed centrifugal chiller to provide grid frequency regulation: A validation based on onsite tests," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 300(C).
    5. Harasis, Salman & Khan, Irfan & Massoud, Ahmed, 2024. "Enabling large-scale integration of electric bus fleets in harsh environments: Possibilities, potentials, and challenges," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 300(C).
    6. Ana Fernández-Guillamón & Guillermo Martínez-Lucas & Ángel Molina-García & Jose-Ignacio Sarasua, 2020. "Hybrid Wind–PV Frequency Control Strategy under Variable Weather Conditions in Isolated Power Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-25, September.
    7. Pablo González-Inostroza & Claudia Rahmann & Ricardo Álvarez & Jannik Haas & Wolfgang Nowak & Christian Rehtanz, 2021. "The Role of Fast Frequency Response of Energy Storage Systems and Renewables for Ensuring Frequency Stability in Future Low-Inertia Power Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-16, May.
    8. Zhao, Bo & Chen, Jian & Zhang, Leiqi & Zhang, Xuesong & Qin, Ruwen & Lin, Xiangning, 2018. "Three representative island microgrids in the East China Sea: Key technologies and experiences," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 262-274.
    9. Antans Sauhats & Andrejs Utans & Jurijs Silinevics & Gatis Junghans & Dmitrijs Guzs, 2021. "Enhancing Power System Frequency with a Novel Load Shedding Method Including Monitoring of Synchronous Condensers’ Power Injections," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-21, March.
    10. Emad A. Mohamed & Mokhtar Aly & Masayuki Watanabe, 2022. "New Tilt Fractional-Order Integral Derivative with Fractional Filter (TFOIDFF) Controller with Artificial Hummingbird Optimizer for LFC in Renewable Energy Power Grids," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(16), pages 1-33, August.
    11. Lourenço, Vitor Alves & Nadaleti, Willian Cézar & Vieira, Bruno Müller & Chua, Hui, 2021. "Methane production test of the anaerobic sludge from rice parboiling industries with the addition of biodiesel glycerol from rice bran oil in Brazil," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    12. Rafiq Asghar & Francesco Riganti Fulginei & Hamid Wadood & Sarmad Saeed, 2023. "A Review of Load Frequency Control Schemes Deployed for Wind-Integrated Power Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-29, May.
    13. Anvari-Moghaddam, Amjad & Rahimi-Kian, Ashkan & Mirian, Maryam S. & Guerrero, Josep M., 2017. "A multi-agent based energy management solution for integrated buildings and microgrid system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 203(C), pages 41-56.
    14. Cheng, Yi & Azizipanah-Abarghooee, Rasoul & Azizi, Sadegh & Ding, Lei & Terzija, Vladimir, 2020. "Smart frequency control in low inertia energy systems based on frequency response techniques: A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    15. Narendra Kumar Jena & Subhadra Sahoo & Binod Kumar Sahu & Amiya Kumar Naik & Mohit Bajaj & Stanislav Misak & Vojtech Blazek & Lukas Prokop, 2023. "Impact of a Redox Flow Battery on the Frequency Stability of a Five-Area System Integrated with Renewable Sources," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-29, July.
    16. Xiongfeng Deng & Xiyu Zhang, 2022. "Adaptive Fuzzy Tracking Control of Uncertain Nonlinear Multi-Agent Systems with Unknown Control Directions and a Dead-Zone Fault," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(15), pages 1-19, July.
    17. Yoon, Kwangsuk & Lee, Sang Soo & Ok, Yong Sik & Kwon, Eilhann E. & Song, Hocheol, 2019. "Enhancement of syngas for H2 production via catalytic pyrolysis of orange peel using CO2 and bauxite residue," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    18. Ki Ryong Kim & Sangjung Lee & Jong-Pil Lee & Jaesik Kang, 2021. "An Enhanced Control Strategy for Mitigation of State-Transition Oscillation Phenomena in Grid-Forming Self-Synchronized Converter System with Islanded Power System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-20, December.
    19. Dong, Zhen & Li, Zhongguo & Liang, Zhongchao & Xu, Yiqiao & Ding, Zhengtao, 2021. "Distributed neural network enhanced power generation strategy of large-scale wind power plant for power expansion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 303(C).
    20. Kanwal, S. & Khan, B. & Ali, S.M. & Mehmood, C.A., 2018. "Gaussian process regression based inertia emulation and reserve estimation for grid interfaced photovoltaic system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 865-875.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:6:p:1613-:d:153505. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.