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Practical On-Board Measurement of Lithium Ion Battery Impedance Based on Distributed Voltage and Current Sampling

Author

Listed:
  • Xuezhe Wei

    (Clean Energy Automotive Engineering Center, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
    School of Automotive Studies, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China)

  • Xueyuan Wang

    (Clean Energy Automotive Engineering Center, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
    School of Automotive Studies, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China)

  • Haifeng Dai

    (Clean Energy Automotive Engineering Center, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
    School of Automotive Studies, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China)

Abstract

Battery impedance based state estimation methods receive extensive attention due to its close relation to internal dynamic processes and the mechanism of a battery. In order to provide impedance for a battery management system (BMS), a practical on-board impedance measuring method based on distributed signal sampling is proposed and implemented. Battery cell perturbing current and its response voltage for impedance calculation are sampled separately to be compatible with BMS. A digital dual-channel orthogonal lock-in amplifier is used to calculate the impedance. With the signal synchronization, the battery impedance is obtained and compensated. And the relative impedance can also be obtained without knowing the current. For verification, an impedance measuring system made up of electronic units sampling and processing signals and a DC-AC converter generating AC perturbing current is designed. A type of 8 Ah LiFePO 4 battery is chosen and the valuable frequency range for state estimations is determined with a series of experiments. The battery cells are connected in series and the impedance is measured with the prototype. It is shown that the measurement error of the impedance modulus at 0.1 Hz–500 Hz at 5 °C–35 °C is less than 4.5% and the impedance phase error is less than 3% at <10 Hz at room temperature. In addition, the relative impedance can also be tracked well with the designed system.

Suggested Citation

  • Xuezhe Wei & Xueyuan Wang & Haifeng Dai, 2018. "Practical On-Board Measurement of Lithium Ion Battery Impedance Based on Distributed Voltage and Current Sampling," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-15, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:1:p:64-:d:124964
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jiangong Zhu & Zechang Sun & Xuezhe Wei & Haifeng Dai, 2017. "Battery Internal Temperature Estimation for LiFePO 4 Battery Based on Impedance Phase Shift under Operating Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-17, January.
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    3. Galeotti, Matteo & Cinà, Lucio & Giammanco, Corrado & Cordiner, Stefano & Di Carlo, Aldo, 2015. "Performance analysis and SOH (state of health) evaluation of lithium polymer batteries through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 678-686.
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    5. Xiaosong Hu & Fengchun Sun & Yuan Zou, 2010. "Estimation of State of Charge of a Lithium-Ion Battery Pack for Electric Vehicles Using an Adaptive Luenberger Observer," Energies, MDPI, vol. 3(9), pages 1-18, September.
    6. Xiong, Rui & Sun, Fengchun & Chen, Zheng & He, Hongwen, 2014. "A data-driven multi-scale extended Kalman filtering based parameter and state estimation approach of lithium-ion olymer battery in electric vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 463-476.
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    1. Raijmakers, L.H.J. & Danilov, D.L. & Eichel, R.-A. & Notten, P.H.L., 2019. "A review on various temperature-indication methods for Li-ion batteries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C), pages 918-945.
    2. Hao Sun & Bo Jiang & Heze You & Bojian Yang & Xueyuan Wang & Xuezhe Wei & Haifeng Dai, 2021. "Quantitative Analysis of Degradation Modes of Lithium-Ion Battery under Different Operating Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-19, January.

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