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Design, Implementation and Demonstration of Embedded Agents for Energy Management in Non-Residential Buildings

Author

Listed:
  • Ana Constantin

    (Institute for Energy Efficient Buildings and Indoor Climate, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074,Germany)

  • Artur Löwen

    (Institute for Automation of Complex Power Systems, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
    Current address: Gridhound UG, Aachen 52068, Germany.)

  • Ferdinanda Ponci

    (Institute for Automation of Complex Power Systems, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany)

  • Dirk Müller

    (Institute for Energy Efficient Buildings and Indoor Climate, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074,Germany)

  • Antonello Monti

    (Institute for Automation of Complex Power Systems, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany)

Abstract

With the building sector being responsible for 30% of the total final energy consumption, great interest lies in implementing adequate policies and deploying efficient technologies that would decrease this number. However, building comfort and energy management systems (BCEM) are challenging to manage on account of their increasing complexity with regard to the integration of renewable energy sources or the connection of electrical, thermal and gas grids. Multi-agent~systems (MAS) deal well with such complex issues. This paper presents an MAS for non-residential buildings from the design, implementation and demonstration, both simulation based and in a field test. Starting from an ontology and an attached data model for BCEM application, we elaborated use cases for developing and testing the MAS framework. The building and technical equipment are modeled using the modeling language Modelica under Dymola. The agents are programmed in JADE and communicate with Dymola via TCP/IP and with the real devices via BACnet. Operatively, the~agents can take on different control strategies: normal operation with no optimization, optimization of energy costs, where energy is delivered through the room through the devices that have the lowest operating costs, and relaxation of the comfort constraint, where the costs of the productivity loss under sub-optimal comfort conditions is taken into account during optimization. Comfort is expressed as a function of indoor air temperature. Simulation, including a comparison with a benchmark system, and field test results are presented to demonstrate the features of the proposed BCEM.

Suggested Citation

  • Ana Constantin & Artur Löwen & Ferdinanda Ponci & Dirk Müller & Antonello Monti, 2017. "Design, Implementation and Demonstration of Embedded Agents for Energy Management in Non-Residential Buildings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-20, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:10:y:2017:i:8:p:1106-:d:106315
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Shaikh, Pervez Hameed & Nor, Nursyarizal Bin Mohd & Nallagownden, Perumal & Elamvazuthi, Irraivan & Ibrahim, Taib, 2014. "A review on optimized control systems for building energy and comfort management of smart sustainable buildings," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 409-429.
    2. Labeodan, Timilehin & Aduda, Kennedy & Boxem, Gert & Zeiler, Wim, 2015. "On the application of multi-agent systems in buildings for improved building operations, performance and smart grid interaction – A survey," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 1405-1414.
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    Cited by:

    1. Gabriel Santos & Tiago Pinto & Zita Vale & Rui Carvalho & Brígida Teixeira & Carlos Ramos, 2021. "Upgrading BRICKS—The Context-Aware Semantic Rule-Based System for Intelligent Building Energy and Security Management," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-14, July.
    2. Hu, Maomao & Xiao, Fu & Wang, Shengwei, 2021. "Neighborhood-level coordination and negotiation techniques for managing demand-side flexibility in residential microgrids," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    3. Zbigniew Nadolny, 2022. "Determination of Dielectric Losses in a Power Transformer," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-14, January.

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