IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jcltec/v6y2024i1p9-151d1332034.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Ranking of Independent Small-Scale Electricity Generation Systems

Author

Listed:
  • Janis Kramens

    (Institute of Energy Systems and Environment, Riga Technical University, Azenes Street 12/1, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia)

  • Megija Valtere

    (Institute of Energy Systems and Environment, Riga Technical University, Azenes Street 12/1, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia)

  • Guntars Krigers

    (Institute of Energy Systems and Environment, Riga Technical University, Azenes Street 12/1, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia)

  • Vladimirs Kirsanovs

    (Institute of Energy Systems and Environment, Riga Technical University, Azenes Street 12/1, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia)

  • Dagnija Blumberga

    (Institute of Energy Systems and Environment, Riga Technical University, Azenes Street 12/1, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia)

Abstract

The EU’s energy targets are to achieve at least 32% renewables in the energy mix by 2030. Part of the solution is strengthening consumer rights by empowering individuals to generate their own electricity. The aim of this study was to identify the most suitable energy system for electricity generation of up to 50 kW in the EU residential sector. Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis was used to compare four systems: proton exchange membrane fuel cell with photovoltaic panels, photovoltaic panels, biomass-powered Stirling engine, and solar-powered Stirling engine. Based on the results, the most beneficial system for household electricity generation is the biomass-fueled Stirling engine system due to its affordability, reliability, and low environmental impact. Governments and businesses can use these findings to improve information for the residential sector and enable the transition to renewable energy.

Suggested Citation

  • Janis Kramens & Megija Valtere & Guntars Krigers & Vladimirs Kirsanovs & Dagnija Blumberga, 2024. "Ranking of Independent Small-Scale Electricity Generation Systems," Clean Technol., MDPI, vol. 6(1), pages 1-12, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jcltec:v:6:y:2024:i:1:p:9-151:d:1332034
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2571-8797/6/1/9/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2571-8797/6/1/9/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bartolucci, Lorenzo & Cordiner, Stefano & Mulone, Vincenzo & Pasquale, Stefano, 2019. "Fuel cell based hybrid renewable energy systems for off-grid telecom stations: Data analysis and system optimization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 252(C), pages 1-1.
    2. Martinopoulos, Georgios, 2020. "Are rooftop photovoltaic systems a sustainable solution for Europe? A life cycle impact assessment and cost analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 257(C).
    3. Zhu, Shunmin & Yu, Guoyao & Liang, Kun & Dai, Wei & Luo, Ercang, 2021. "A review of Stirling-engine-based combined heat and power technology," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 294(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Li, Jian & Zuo, Zhengxing & Jia, Boru & Feng, Huihua & Mei, Bingang & Smallbone, Andrew & Roskilly, Anthony Paul, 2024. "Operating characteristics and design parameter optimization of permanent magnet linear generator applied to free-piston energy converter," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 287(C).
    2. Victor Kouloumpis & Antonios Kalogerakis & Anastasia Pavlidou & George Tsinarakis & George Arampatzis, 2020. "Should Photovoltaics Stay at Home? Comparative Life Cycle Environmental Assessment on Roof-Mounted and Ground-Mounted Photovoltaics," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-15, November.
    3. Qi, Xiaoyan & Yao, Xilong & Guo, Pibin & Han, Yunfei & Liu, Lin, 2024. "Applying life cycle assessment to investigate the environmental impacts of a PV–CSP hybrid system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    4. Yu, Minjie & Xu, Lei & Cui, Haichuan & Liu, Zhichun & Liu, Wei, 2024. "Characteristics and potential of a novel inclined-flow stirling regenerator constructed by sinusoidal corrugated channels," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    5. Mirza, Adeel Feroz & Mansoor, Majad & Zhan, Keyu & Ling, Qiang, 2021. "High-efficiency swarm intelligent maximum power point tracking control techniques for varying temperature and irradiance," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).
    6. Águila-León, Jesús & Vargas-Salgado, Carlos & Díaz-Bello, Dácil & Montagud-Montalvá, Carla, 2024. "Optimizing photovoltaic systems: A meta-optimization approach with GWO-Enhanced PSO algorithm for improving MPPT controllers," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).
    7. Yang, Hang-Suin & Zhu, Hao-Qiang & Xiao, Xian-Zhong, 2023. "Comparison of the dynamic characteristics and performance of beta-type Stirling engines operating with different driving mechanisms," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    8. Junedi, M.M. & Ludin, N.A. & Hamid, N.H. & Kathleen, P.R. & Hasila, J. & Ahmad Affandi, N.A., 2022. "Environmental and economic performance assessment of integrated conventional solar photovoltaic and agrophotovoltaic systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    9. Amole, Abraham Olatide & Owosibo, Rachael Abiola & Adewuyi, Oludamilare Bode & Oladipo, Stephen & Imarhiagbe, Nosagiagbon Owomano, 2024. "Comparative analysis of control strategies for solar photovoltaic/diesel power system for stand-alone applications," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C).
    10. Stephan, André & Stephan, Laurent, 2020. "Achieving net zero life cycle primary energy and greenhouse gas emissions apartment buildings in a Mediterranean climate," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 280(C).
    11. Karim Naderi Mahdei & Seyed Mohammad Jafar Esfahani & Philippe Lebailly & Thomas Dogot & Steven Passel & Hossein Azadi, 2023. "Environmental impact assessment and efficiency of cotton: the case of Northeast Iran," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(9), pages 10301-10321, September.
    12. Gaofeng Gu & Xiaofeng Pan, 2023. "A Study on the Interdependence in Sustainable Mobility Tools and Home Energy Equipment Choices," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-16, January.
    13. Chen, Wen-Lih & Sirisha, Vadlakonda & Yu, Chi-Yuan & Wang, Yan-Ru & Dai, Ming-Wei & Lasek, Janusz & Li, Yueh-Heng, 2024. "Design and optimization of a combined heat and power system with a fluidized-bed combustor and stirling engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).
    14. Zeljković, Čedomir & Mršić, Predrag & Erceg, Bojan & Lekić, Đorđe & Kitić, Nemanja & Matić, Petar, 2022. "Optimal sizing of photovoltaic-wind-diesel-battery power supply for mobile telephony base stations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    15. Abbas Al-Refaie & Natalija Lepkova & Constantinos Hadjistassou, 2023. "Using System Dynamics to Examine Effects of Satisfaction with PV Systems, Advertising, and Competition on Energy Security and CO 2 Emissions in Jordan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-25, October.
    16. Ritchie, M.J. & Engelbrecht, J.A.A. & Booysen, M.J., 2024. "Loadshedding-induced transients due to battery backup systems and electric water heaters," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 367(C).
    17. Lara Allende, Alejandro & Stephan, André, 2022. "Life cycle embodied, operational and mobility-related energy and greenhouse gas emissions analysis of a green development in Melbourne, Australia," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 305(C).
    18. Maestre, V.M. & Ortiz, A. & Ortiz, I., 2021. "Challenges and prospects of renewable hydrogen-based strategies for full decarbonization of stationary power applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    19. David García & María-José Suárez & Eduardo Blanco & Jesús-Ignacio Prieto, 2022. "Experimental and Numerical Characterisation of a Non-Tubular Stirling Engine Heater for Biomass Applications," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-17, December.
    20. Dasí-Crespo, Daniel & Roldán-Blay, Carlos & Escrivá-Escrivá, Guillermo & Roldán-Porta, Carlos, 2023. "Evaluation of the Spanish regulation on self-consumption photovoltaic installations. A case study based on a rural municipality in Spain," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 788-802.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jcltec:v:6:y:2024:i:1:p:9-151:d:1332034. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.