IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jbusin/v4y2024i4p39-722d1523163.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Big Data in Leadership Studies: Automated Machine Learning Model to Predict Preferred Leader Behavior Across Cultures

Author

Listed:
  • Erik Lankut

    (Department of Business, Strategy and Political Science, USN School of Business, University of South-Eastern Norway, Hasbergsvei 36, 3616 Kongsberg, Norway)

  • Gillian Warner-Søderholm

    (Department of Business, Strategy and Political Science, USN School of Business, University of South-Eastern Norway, Hasbergsvei 36, 3616 Kongsberg, Norway)

  • Ilan Alon

    (Department of Economics and Business Administration, Ariel University, Ramat Hagolan St. 65, Ariel 40700, Israel
    School of Business and Law, University of Agder, Universitetsveien 19, 4630 Kristiansand, Norway)

  • Inga Minelgaité

    (Faculty of Business Administration, School of Social Sciences, University of Iceland, 2 Sæmundargata Str., 102 Reykjavík, Iceland
    School of Public Management, Governance and Public Policy, College of Business and Economics, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park Kingsway, Johannesburg P.O. Box 524, South Africa)

Abstract

With global leadership as the new norm, discussion about followers’ preferred leader behaviors across cultures is growing in significance. This study proposes a comprehensive predictive model to explore significant preferred leadership factors, drawn from the Leader Behavior Description Questionnaire (LBDQXII), across cultures using automated machine learning (AML). We offer a robust empirical measurement of culturally contingent leader behavior and entrepreneurship behaviors and provide a tool for assessing the cultural predictors of preferred leader behavior to minimize predictive errors, explore patterns in the data and make predictions in an empirically robust way. Hence, our approach fills a gap in the literature relating to applications of AML in leadership studies and contributes a novel empirical method to better predict leadership preferences. Cultural indicators from Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior (GLOBE) predict the likelihood of the preferred leader behaviors of “Role Assumption”, “Production Emphasis” and “Initiation of Structure”. Hofstede’s Long-Term/Short-Term Orientation is the most critical predictor of preferences for “Tolerance of Uncertainty” and “Initiation of Structure”, whereas the value of restraint impacts the likelihood of preferring leaders with skills in “Integration” and “Consideration”. Significant entrepreneurial values indicators have a significant impact on preferences for leaders focused on “Initiation of Structure”, “Production Emphasis” and “Predictive Accuracy”. Findings also support earlier studies that reveal age and gender significantly impact our preferences for specific leader behaviors. We discuss and offer conclusions to support our findings that foster development of global business managers and practitioners.

Suggested Citation

  • Erik Lankut & Gillian Warner-Søderholm & Ilan Alon & Inga Minelgaité, 2024. "Big Data in Leadership Studies: Automated Machine Learning Model to Predict Preferred Leader Behavior Across Cultures," Businesses, MDPI, vol. 4(4), pages 1-27, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jbusin:v:4:y:2024:i:4:p:39-722:d:1523163
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2673-7116/4/4/39/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2673-7116/4/4/39/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kwok Leung & Rabi S Bhagat & Nancy R Buchan & Miriam Erez & Cristina B Gibson, 2005. "Culture and international business: recent advances and their implications for future research," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 36(4), pages 357-378, July.
    2. Seeber, Marco & Alon, Ilan & Pina, David G. & Piro, Fredrik Niclas & Seeber, Michele, 2022. "Predictors of applying for and winning an ERC Proof-of-Concept grant: An automated machine learning model," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Popli, Manish & Akbar, Mohammad & Kumar, Vikas & Gaur, Ajai, 2016. "Reconceptualizing cultural distance: The role of cultural experience reserve in cross-border acquisitions," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 51(3), pages 404-412.
    2. Prof. (Dr.) S. M. Shariq Abbas & Prof. (Dr.) Tandra Sharma, 2023. "Nigerian and Indian Workers’ Study on National Culture and Work Values: Empirical Evidence with Special Reference to Hofstede’s Dimensions," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 7(3), pages 719-729, March.
    3. Liu, Yuli & Ge, Yuejing & Hu, Zhiding & Wang, Shufang, 2018. "Culture and capital flows—Exploring the spatial differentiation of China's OFDI," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 27-45.
    4. Kurt A. Desender & Christian E. Castro & Sergio A. Escamilla De León, 2011. "Earnings Management and Cultural Values," American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 70(3), pages 639-670, July.
    5. Viswanath Venkatesh & Tracy Ann Sykes, 2013. "Digital Divide Initiative Success in Developing Countries: A Longitudinal Field Study in a Village in India," Information Systems Research, INFORMS, vol. 24(2), pages 239-260, June.
    6. Satu Teerikangas & Olivier Irrmann, 2016. "Cultural Change Following International Acquisitions: Cohabiting the Tension Between Espoused and Practiced Cultures," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 56(2), pages 195-226, April.
    7. Uzuegbunam, Ikenna & Geringer, J. Michael, 2021. "Culture, connectedness, and international adoption of disruptive innovation," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 27(1).
    8. Qu, Wen Guang & Yang, Zhiyong & Wang, Zhongming, 2011. "Multi-level framework of open source software adoption," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 64(9), pages 997-1003, September.
    9. Antoaneta Daneshka, 2016. "Culture and International Business," Economic Studies journal, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences - Economic Research Institute, issue 1, pages 88-111.
    10. Elizabeth A. Alexander, 2012. "The Effects of Legal, Normative, and Cultural-Cognitive Institutions on Innovation in Technology Alliances," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 52(6), pages 791-815, December.
    11. Vasilca Sorinel Ionel & Ciupercă Ella Magdalena & Nen Madlena, 2019. "Migration and globalization: citizen journalism and immigration policies," HOLISTICA – Journal of Business and Public Administration, Sciendo, vol. 10(3), pages 157-169, December.
    12. Rajshekhar G. Javalgi & La Toya M. Russell, 2018. "International Marketing Ethics: A Literature Review and Research Agenda," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 148(4), pages 703-720, April.
    13. Csizmadia, Péter & Kosztyán, Zsolt Tibor & Fehérvölgyi, Beáta & Hausz, Frigyes, 2024. "Intézményi koncentráció és az innovációs hálózatok vizsgálata [Institutional concentration and innovation networks]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(12), pages 1351-1380.
    14. Katharina Srnka & A. Gegez & S. Arzova, 2007. "Why Is It (Un-)ethical? Comparing Potential European Partners: A Western Christian and An Eastern Islamic Country – On Arguments Used in Explaining Ethical Judgments," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 74(2), pages 101-118, August.
    15. Crawford, Heather J. & Gregory, Gary D., 2015. "Humorous advertising that travels: A review and call for research," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 68(3), pages 569-577.
    16. Diana W.P. Kwok, 2018. "Boundary spanning and subordinate—leader trust: A tale of two acquisitions in a multicultural emerging economy," Post-Print hal-01744451, HAL.
    17. Ramírez, Andrés & Tadesse, Solomon, 2009. "Corporate cash holdings, uncertainty avoidance, and the multinationality of firms," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 18(4), pages 387-403, August.
    18. Al Hakim, Zeina T. & Sengupta, Sanchayan & Cuny, Caroline, 2020. "Impact of shared history on customers’ service evaluations," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 55(C).
    19. Alipour, Ali & Yaprak, Attila, 2022. "Indulgence and risk-taking behavior of firms: Direct and interactive influences," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 28(2).
    20. Mohammad Al-Nasser & Rushami Zien Yusoff & Rabiul Islam & Abdullah ALNasser, 2013. "Cultural Differences Identification and its Effect on E-Service Quality Perception," American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Science Publications, vol. 5(2), pages 74-83, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jbusin:v:4:y:2024:i:4:p:39-722:d:1523163. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.