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Practices for Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Rice Production in Northeast Thailand

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  • Noppol Arunrat

    (Laboratory of Soil Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
    Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand)

  • Nathsuda Pumijumnong

    (Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand)

Abstract

Land management practices for rice productivity and carbon storage have been a key focus of research leading to opportunities for substantial greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation. The effects of land management practices on global warming potential (GWP) and greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) from rice production within the farm gate were investigated. For the 13 study sites, soil samples were collected by the Land Development Department in 2004. In 2014, at these same sites, soil samples were collected again to estimate the soil organic carbon sequestration rate (SOCSR) from 2004 to 2014. Surveys were conducted at each sampling site to record the rice yield and management practices. The carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ), and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions, Net GWP, and GHGI associated with the management practices were calculated. Mean rice yield and SOCSR were 3307 kg·ha −1 ·year −1 and 1173 kg·C·ha −1 ·year −1 , respectively. The net GWP varied across sites, from 819 to 5170 kg·CO 2 eq·ha −1 ·year −1 , with an average value of 3090 kg·CO 2 eq·ha −1 ·year −1 . GHGI ranged from 0.31 to 1.68 kg·CO 2 eq·kg −1 yield, with an average value of 0.97 kg·CO 2 eq·kg −1 yield. Our findings revealed that the amount of potassium (potash, K 2 O) fertilizer application rate is the most significant factor explaining rice yield and SOCSR. The burning of rice residues in the field was the main factor determining GHGI in this area. An effective way to reduce GHG emissions and contribute to sustainable rice production for food security with low GHGI and high productivity is avoiding the burning of rice residues.

Suggested Citation

  • Noppol Arunrat & Nathsuda Pumijumnong, 2017. "Practices for Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Rice Production in Northeast Thailand," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 7(1), pages 1-20, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:7:y:2017:i:1:p:4-:d:87921
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wen Wang & Liping Guo & Yingchun Li & Man Su & Yuebin Lin & Christian Perthuis & Xiaotang Ju & Erda Lin & Dominic Moran, 2015. "Greenhouse gas intensity of three main crops and implications for low-carbon agriculture in China," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 128(1), pages 57-70, January.
    2. G. Robertson & Peter Grace, 2004. "Greenhouse Gas Fluxes in Tropical and Temperate Agriculture: The need for a Full-Cost accounting of Global Warming Potentials," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 6(1), pages 51-63, March.
    3. repec:dau:papers:123456789/14382 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Jongdee, Boonrat & Pantuwan, Grienggrai & Fukai, Shu & Fischer, Ken, 2006. "Improving drought tolerance in rainfed lowland rice: An example from Thailand," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 80(1-3), pages 225-240, February.
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    1. Nittaya Cha-un & Amnat Chidthaisong & Kazuyuki Yagi & Sirintornthep Towprayoon, 2021. "Simulating the Long-Term Effects of Fertilizer and Water Management on Grain Yield and Methane Emissions of Paddy Rice in Thailand," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-22, November.
    2. Ei Phyu Win & Kyaw Kyaw Win & Sonoko D. Bellingrath‐Kimura & Aung Zaw Oo, 2020. "Greenhouse gas emissions, grain yield and water productivity: a paddy rice field case study based in Myanmar," Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 10(5), pages 884-897, October.
    3. Kofi Konadu Boateng & George Yaw Obeng & Ebenezer Mensah, 2020. "Eco-Friendly Yield and Greenhouse Gas Emissions as Affected by Fertilization Type in a Tropical Smallholder Rice System, Ghana," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-19, December.
    4. Pongsathorn Sukdanont & Noppol Arunrat & Suphachai Amkha & Ryusuke Hatano, 2021. "Evaluation of CH 4 Emission in Two Paddy Field Areas, Khonkaen and Ayutthaya, in Thailand," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-17, May.

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