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Crop and Tillage Effects on Water Productivity of Dryland Agriculture in Argentina

Author

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  • Elke Noellemeyer

    (College of Agriculture, National University of La Pampa, Santa Rosa, L.P., Argentina)

  • Romina Fernández

    (College of Agriculture, National University of La Pampa, Santa Rosa, L.P., Argentina
    National Institute for Agricultural Technology, Experimental Station "Guillermo Covas", Anguil, L.P., Argentina)

  • Alberto Quiroga

    (College of Agriculture, National University of La Pampa, Santa Rosa, L.P., Argentina
    National Institute for Agricultural Technology, Experimental Station "Guillermo Covas", Anguil, L.P., Argentina)

Abstract

Rising demands for food and uncertainties about climate change call for a paradigm shift in water management with a stronger focus on rainfed agriculture. The objective here was to estimate water productivity of different crops under no-till (NT) and conventional till (CT), in order to identify rotations that improve the water productivity of dryland agriculture. We hypothesized that NT and cereal crops would have a positive effect on overall water productivity. Crop yield and water use data were obtained from a 15 year experiment (1993 to 2008) on an entic Haplustoll in the semiarid Pampa, Argentina, with a rotation of wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.), corn ( Zea mays L.), sunflower ( Helianthus annus ), and soybean ( Glycine max L. Merr.) . The results indicated an improved water productivity of all crops under NT compared with that of CT; however, the response of cereals (corn +1.0 kg ha −1 mm −1 , wheat +1.3 kg ha −1 mm −1 ) was higher than that of sunflower (+0.3 kg ha −1 mm −1 ) and soybean (+0.5 kg ha −1 mm −1 ). Crop type had a higher impact on water productivity than did tillage system. In agreement with our hypothesis, cereal crops were more efficient (corn 9.8 and wheat 6.9 kg ha −1 mm −1 ) compared with soybean 2.4 and sunflower 3.9 kg mm −1 , but the economic water productivity of sunflower (0.9 US$ ha −1 mm −1 ) almost equaled that of wheat (1.1 US$ ha −1 mm −1 ) and corn (1.2 US$ ha −1 mm −1 ). We concluded that the use of the synergy between NT and water efficient crops could be a promising step towards improving food production in semiarid regions.

Suggested Citation

  • Elke Noellemeyer & Romina Fernández & Alberto Quiroga, 2013. "Crop and Tillage Effects on Water Productivity of Dryland Agriculture in Argentina," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 3(1), pages 1-11, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:3:y:2013:i:1:p:1-11:d:22625
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Passioura, John, 2006. "Increasing crop productivity when water is scarce--from breeding to field management," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 80(1-3), pages 176-196, February.
    2. Fernandez, Romina & Quiroga, Alberto & Noellemeyer, Elke & Funaro, Daniel & Montoya, Jorgelina & Hitzmann, Bernd & Peinemann, Norman, 2008. "A study of the effect of the interaction between site-specific conditions, residue cover and weed control on water storage during fallow," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 95(9), pages 1028-1040, September.
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    4. Alletto, Lionel & Coquet, Yves & Justes, Eric, 2011. "Effects of tillage and fallow period management on soil physical behaviour and maize development," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 102(1), pages 74-85.
    5. Moret, D. & Arrue, J.L. & Lopez, M.V. & Gracia, R., 2006. "Influence of fallowing practices on soil water and precipitation storage efficiency in semiarid Aragon (NE Spain)," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 82(1-2), pages 161-176, April.
    6. de Fraiture, Charlotte & Molden, David & Wichelns, Dennis, 2010. "Investing in water for food, ecosystems, and livelihoods: An overview of the comprehensive assessment of water management in agriculture," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 97(4), pages 495-501, April.
    7. Rockström, Johan & Karlberg, Louise & Wani, Suhas P. & Barron, Jennie & Hatibu, Nuhu & Oweis, Theib & Bruggeman, Adriana & Farahani, Jalali & Qiang, Zhu, 2010. "Managing water in rainfed agriculture--The need for a paradigm shift," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 97(4), pages 543-550, April.
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    1. Shokoofeh Sarikhani Khorami & Seyed Abdolreza Kazemeini & Sadegh Afzalinia & Mahesh Kumar Gathala, 2018. "Changes in Soil Properties and Productivity under Different Tillage Practices and Wheat Genotypes: A Short-Term Study in Iran," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-17, September.
    2. Ding, Jinli & Hu, Wei & Wu, Jicheng & Yang, Yonghui & Feng, Hao, 2020. "Simulating the effects of conventional versus conservation tillage on soil water, nitrogen dynamics, and yield of winter wheat with RZWQM2," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).

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