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Vegetable Production in PFALs: Control of Micro-Environmental Factors, Principal Components and Automated Systems

Author

Listed:
  • Filippos Bantis

    (Department of Agriculture, University of Patras, 30200 Messolonghi, Greece)

  • Ioanna Chatzigeorgiou

    (Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization DIMITRA (ELGO-Dimitra), 57001 Thermi, Greece)

  • Michail Sismanis

    (Green Blue Modern Solutions P.C., 55534 Thessaloniki, Greece)

  • Georgios K. Ntinas

    (Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization DIMITRA (ELGO-Dimitra), 57001 Thermi, Greece)

  • Athanasios Koukounaras

    (Department of Horticulture, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece)

Abstract

Plant factories with artificial lighting (PFALs) are indoor crop production systems aiming at the growth of high-value products in terms of yield and quality, while maximizing resource use efficiency. The emergence of PFALs opened a new world for crop production and offered an option to tackle problems related to climate change, land availability, and urban/peri-urban farming. This was made possible upon major technological advancements and extensive research in the field of controlled environment agriculture, which paved the way for the establishment of such cost-efficient and climate-unaffected modules of vegetable and other crops’ production. In the present review, we have examined the recent research achievements regarding the micro-environmental factors, the principal components, as well as the automated systems used for plant production in PFALs. Ultimately, we provide the reader with a number of future perspectives that can be considered for indoors cultivation in the following years.

Suggested Citation

  • Filippos Bantis & Ioanna Chatzigeorgiou & Michail Sismanis & Georgios K. Ntinas & Athanasios Koukounaras, 2024. "Vegetable Production in PFALs: Control of Micro-Environmental Factors, Principal Components and Automated Systems," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-13, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:14:y:2024:i:4:p:642-:d:1380309
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Filippos Bantis & Mariangela Fotelli & Zoran S. Ilić & Athanasios Koukounaras, 2020. "Physiological and Phytochemical Responses of Spinach Baby Leaves Grown in a PFAL System with LEDs and Saline Nutrient Solution," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-12, November.
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