IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jagris/v14y2024i10p1786-d1496614.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Effect of Sod Production on Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties of Soils in North and South China

Author

Listed:
  • Xinyue Qu

    (Department of Turfgrass Science and Engineering, College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
    Cangzhou Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Cangzhou 061011, China)

  • Yue Li

    (Department of Turfgrass Science and Engineering, College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China)

  • Chu Wang

    (Department of Turfgrass Science and Engineering, College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China)

  • Jiayue Qiao

    (Department of Turfgrass Science and Engineering, College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China)

  • Kai Zhu

    (Department of Turfgrass Science and Engineering, College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China)

  • Yan Sun

    (Department of Turfgrass Science and Engineering, College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China)

  • Qiannan Hu

    (Department of Turfgrass Science and Engineering, College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China)

Abstract

Lawns play a vital role in urban development, but the impact of sod production on soil properties has always been controversial. In this study, we examined the physical, chemical, and biological properties of sod production bases across different regions and years [including northern China (2.5, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12 years), referred to as N-2.5, N-3, etc., and southern China (3, 10, 11, 14, 17 years), referred to as S-3, S-10, etc.], with tall fescue and Kentucky bluegrass planted in the north and bermudagrass or creeping bentgrass planted in the south. Sod production was found to increase soil bulk density while reducing porosity and field capacity, but these effects did not consistently intensify with longer production periods. Except for available phosphorus and available potassium, other soil nutrients (total carbon, total nitrogen, organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, etc.) were either unaffected or increased at certain time points (S-11, S-14). Prolonged sod production (S-10, S-17) also boosted microbial content. In northern regions, organic matter and total nitrogen were the key factors influencing microbial community structure, whereas in southern regions, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, electrical conductivity, available potassium, and organic matter were most influential. We also found that crop rotation, sand mulching, and deep plowing could enhance soil nutrient content and microbial activity in sod production.

Suggested Citation

  • Xinyue Qu & Yue Li & Chu Wang & Jiayue Qiao & Kai Zhu & Yan Sun & Qiannan Hu, 2024. "Effect of Sod Production on Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties of Soils in North and South China," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-20, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:14:y:2024:i:10:p:1786-:d:1496614
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/14/10/1786/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/14/10/1786/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kees Jan van Groenigen & Craig W. Osenberg & Bruce A. Hungate, 2011. "Increased soil emissions of potent greenhouse gases under increased atmospheric CO2," Nature, Nature, vol. 475(7355), pages 214-216, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. K. M. T. S. Bandara & Kazuhito Sakai & Tamotsu Nakandakari & Kozue Yuge, 2022. "A Gas Diffusion Analysis Method for Simulating Surface Nitrous Oxide Emissions in Soil Gas Concentrations Measurement," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-16, July.
    2. Juan Carlos Alías & José Antonio Mejías & Natividad Chaves, 2022. "Effect of Cropland Abandonment on Soil Carbon Stock in an Agroforestry System in Southwestern Spain," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-12, March.
    3. Yong Li & De Li Liu & Graeme Schwenke & Bin Wang & Ian Macadam & Weijin Wang & Guangdi Li & Ram C Dalal, 2017. "Responses of nitrous oxide emissions from crop rotation systems to four projected future climate change scenarios on a black Vertosol in subtropical Australia," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 142(3), pages 545-558, June.
    4. Athanasios Balafoutis & Bert Beck & Spyros Fountas & Jurgen Vangeyte & Tamme Van der Wal & Iria Soto & Manuel Gómez-Barbero & Andrew Barnes & Vera Eory, 2017. "Precision Agriculture Technologies Positively Contributing to GHG Emissions Mitigation, Farm Productivity and Economics," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-28, July.
    5. Tangzhe Nie & Zhongxue Zhang & Zhijuan Qi & Peng Chen & Zhongyi Sun & Xingchao Liu, 2019. "Characterizing Spatiotemporal Dynamics of CH 4 Fluxes from Rice Paddies of Cold Region in Heilongjiang Province under Climate Change," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-21, February.
    6. Hui Zhao & Xuyong Li & Yan Jiang, 2019. "Response of Nitrogen Losses to Excessive Nitrogen Fertilizer Application in Intensive Greenhouse Vegetable Production," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-15, March.
    7. Zhang, Yajun & Wang, Weilu & Li, Siyu & Zhu, Kuanyu & Hua, Xia & Harrison, Matthew Tom & Liu, Ke & Yang, Jianchang & Liu, Lijun & Chen, Yun, 2023. "Integrated management approaches enabling sustainable rice production under alternate wetting and drying irrigation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).
    8. Ma, Dedi & Chen, Lei & Qu, Hongchao & Wang, Yilin & Misselbrook, Tom & Jiang, Rui, 2018. "Impacts of plastic film mulching on crop yields, soil water, nitrate, and organic carbon in Northwestern China: A meta-analysis," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 166-173.
    9. Yingchun Li & Erda Lin & Xue Han & Zhengping Peng & Wen Wang & Xingyu Hao & Hui Ju, 2015. "Effects of elevated carbon dioxide concentration on nitrous oxide emissions and nitrogen dynamics in a winter-wheat cropping system in northern China," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 20(7), pages 1027-1040, October.
    10. Gurdeep Singh Malhi & Manpreet Kaur & Prashant Kaushik, 2021. "Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture and Its Mitigation Strategies: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-21, January.
    11. Xiang Liu & Haiyan Sheng & Zhaoqi Wang & Zhiwen Ma & Xiaotao Huang & Lanhai Li, 2020. "Does Grazing Exclusion Improve Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Stocks in Alpine Grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau? A Meta-Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-13, January.
    12. Oana Georgiana SECUIAN & Anamaria Gabriela VLAD & Mihaela VLAD, 2021. "Smart city a solution for dealing with climate change in European cities," Smart Cities International Conference (SCIC) Proceedings, Smart-EDU Hub, Faculty of Public Administration, National University of Political Studies & Public Administration, vol. 9, pages 285-296, November.
    13. Wen Chiat Lee & Nicholas Hoe & K. Kuperan Viswanathan & Amir Hussin Baharuddin, 2020. "An Economic Analysis Of Anthropogenic Climate Change On Rice Production In Malaysia," Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture (MJSA), Zibeline International Publishing, vol. 4(1), pages 1-4, January.
    14. Xinzhang Song & Changhui Peng & Hong Jiang & Qiuan Zhu & Weifeng Wang, 2013. "Direct and Indirect Effects of UV-B Exposure on Litter Decomposition: A Meta-Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(6), pages 1-1, June.
    15. Xiaomin Lv & Guangsheng Zhou, 2018. "Climatic Suitability of the Geographic Distribution of Stipa breviflora in Chinese Temperate Grassland under Climate Change," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-13, October.
    16. Jānis Krūmiņš & Māris Kļaviņš, 2023. "Integrated Circulating Fluidized Bed Gasification System for Sustainable Municipal Solid Waste Management: Energy Production and Heat Recovery," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-23, July.
    17. Yao, Yao & Li, Guang & Lu, Yanhua & Liu, Shuainan, 2023. "Modelling the impact of climate change and tillage practices on soil CO2 emissions from dry farmland in the Loess Plateau of China," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 478(C).
    18. Zhang, Guangxin & Mo, Fei & Shah, Farooq & Meng, Wenhui & Liao, Yuncheng & Han, Juan, 2021. "Ridge-furrow configuration significantly improves soil water availability, crop water use efficiency, and grain yield in dryland agroecosystems of the Loess Plateau," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:14:y:2024:i:10:p:1786-:d:1496614. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.