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Potential Greenhouse Gas Mitigation from Utilising Pig Manure and Grass for Hydrothermal Carbonisation and Anaerobic Digestion in the UK, EU, and China

Author

Listed:
  • Nicholas Davison

    (School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK)

  • Aaron Brown

    (School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK)

  • Andrew Ross

    (School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK)

Abstract

Pig manure currently results in sizeable greenhouse gas emissions, during storage and spreading to land. Anaerobic digestion and hydrothermal carbonisation could provide significant greenhouse gas mitigation, as well as generate renewable heat and power (with anaerobic digestion), or a peat-like soil amendment product (with hydrothermal carbonisation). The greenhouse gas mitigation potential associated with avoidance of pig manure storage and spreading in the UK, EU, and China, as well as the potential to provide heat and power by anaerobic digestion and soil amendment products by hydrothermal carbonisation was herein determined. In each case, the mono-conversion of pig manure is compared to co-conversion with a 50:50 mixture of pig manure with grass. Anaerobic digestion displayed a greater greenhouse gas mitigation potential than hydrothermal carbonisation in all cases, and co-processing with grass greatly enhances greenhouse gas mitigation potential. China has the largest greenhouse gas mitigation potential (129 MT CO 2 eq), and greatest mitigation per kg of pig manure (1.8 kgCO 2 /kg pig manure volatile solids). The energy grid carbon intensity has a significant impact on the greenhouse gas mitigation potential of the different approaches in the different regions. Pig manure is generated in large amounts in China, and the energy generated from biogas offsets a higher carbon intensity grid. Greenhouse gas savings from the anaerobic digestion of pig manure and grass have been calculated to provide a significant potential for reducing total greenhouse gas emissions representation in China (1.05%), the EU (0.92%), and the UK (0.19%). Overall, the utilisation of pig manure could bring about substantial greenhouse savings, especially through co-digestion of pig manure with grass in countries with large pig farming industries and carbon intense energy mixes.

Suggested Citation

  • Nicholas Davison & Aaron Brown & Andrew Ross, 2023. "Potential Greenhouse Gas Mitigation from Utilising Pig Manure and Grass for Hydrothermal Carbonisation and Anaerobic Digestion in the UK, EU, and China," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-17, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:13:y:2023:i:2:p:479-:d:1071515
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nicholas Davison & Jaime Borbolla Gaxiola & Divya Gupta & Anurag Garg & Timothy Cockerill & Yuzhou Tang & Xueliang Yuan & Andrew Ross, 2022. "Potential Greenhouse Gas Mitigation for Converting High Moisture Food Waste into Bio-Coal from Hydrothermal Carbonisation in India, Europe and China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-37, February.
    2. Jaime E. Borbolla-Gaxiola & Andrew B. Ross & Valerie Dupont, 2022. "Multi-Variate and Multi-Response Analysis of Hydrothermal Carbonization of Food Waste: Hydrochar Composition and Solid Fuel Characteristics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-19, July.
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    6. Kiran R. Parmar & Andrew B. Ross, 2019. "Integration of Hydrothermal Carbonisation with Anaerobic Digestion; Opportunities for Valorisation of Digestate," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-17, April.
    7. Hirschler, Olivier & Osterburg, Bernhard & Weimar, Holger & Glasenapp, Sebastian & Ohmes, Marie-Friederike, 2022. "Peat replacement in horticultural growing media: Availability of bio-based alternative materials," Thünen Working Papers 190, Johann Heinrich von Thünen Institute, Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries.
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    Cited by:

    1. Bin Yang & Weiguo Jia & Yi Yu & Hui Zhang, 2024. "Sustainability Assessment of Agricultural Waste Biogas Production System in China Based on Emergy and Carbon Evaluation Methods," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-19, October.
    2. Nelė Jurkėnaitė, 2023. "Analysis of the Nexus between Structural and Climate Changes in EU Pig Farming," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-19, September.

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