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Response of Shoot and Root Growth, Yield, and Chemical Composition to Nutrient Concentrations in Soybean Varieties Grown under Soilless and Controlled Environment Conditions

Author

Listed:
  • Rosnani Abd Ghani

    (Institute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary)

  • Suhana Omar

    (Institute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary)

  • Márton Jolánkai

    (Institute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary)

  • Ákos Tarnawa

    (Institute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary)

  • Noriza Khalid

    (Institute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary)

  • Mária Katalin Kassai

    (Institute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary)

  • Zoltán Kende

    (Institute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary)

Abstract

The practice of cultivating crops in a controlled environment using a soilless culture method is seeing an increasing level of popularity. The aforementioned challenges include addressing climate change, combating pests and diseases, mitigating falling soil fertility, and ensuring constant production and quality. One of the potential crops that could be grown with such a method is soybean. Soybean cultivation in a controlled environment using soilless culture still needs more information, especially regarding nutrient solution management of certain soybean varieties. Thus, this study investigated the impact of nutrient concentrations and variety on soybean growth, yield, and chemical composition. This research was carried out in a plant growth chamber using expanded clay aggregate as a soilless substrate. The treatments were four nutrient concentrations: 0% (control), 50%, 100%, and 150%, and two different varieties: Martina and Johanna. The findings of this research revealed that there were significant differences in nutrient treatments on all parameters measured. Application of nutrient concentration at 50% resulted in the most profound root size for both varieties. Applying 100% nutrient concentration produced a higher 100-grain weight for the Johanna variety. Application of nutrient concentration at 150% resulted in the highest shoot weight and shoot:root ratio for both varieties, with varietal differences. Furthermore, applying nutrient concentration at 150% also produced the highest grain yield/pot, protein yield, and lipid yield for both varieties. Thus, the nutrient concentration between 100% and 150% gave a positive effect and can be applied for planting Martina and Johanna using this system.

Suggested Citation

  • Rosnani Abd Ghani & Suhana Omar & Márton Jolánkai & Ákos Tarnawa & Noriza Khalid & Mária Katalin Kassai & Zoltán Kende, 2023. "Response of Shoot and Root Growth, Yield, and Chemical Composition to Nutrient Concentrations in Soybean Varieties Grown under Soilless and Controlled Environment Conditions," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-26, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:13:y:2023:i:10:p:1925-:d:1251877
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Guilherme Lages Barbosa & Francisca Daiane Almeida Gadelha & Natalya Kublik & Alan Proctor & Lucas Reichelm & Emily Weissinger & Gregory M. Wohlleb & Rolf U. Halden, 2015. "Comparison of Land, Water, and Energy Requirements of Lettuce Grown Using Hydroponic vs. Conventional Agricultural Methods," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-13, June.
    2. Dickson Despommier, 2012. "Advantages of the Vertical Farm," Springer Optimization and Its Applications, in: Stamatina Th. Rassia & Panos M. Pardalos (ed.), Sustainable Environmental Design in Architecture, chapter 0, pages 259-275, Springer.
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