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Impacts of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application and Mulching on the Morpho-Physiological and Yield-Related Traits in Cotton

Author

Listed:
  • Khalid Hussain

    (Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab 38000, Pakistan)

  • Ayesha Ilyas

    (Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab 38000, Pakistan)

  • Saqib Ali

    (Department of Computer Science, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-Pakistan, Punjab 38000, Pakistan)

  • Irshad Bibi

    (Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-Pakistan, Punjab 38000, Pakistan)

  • Qamar Shakil

    (Fodder Sub-Station, AARI, Faisalabad-Pakistan, Punjab 38000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Usman Farid

    (Department of Structures and Environmental Engineering, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-Pakistan, Punjab 38000, Pakistan)

  • Zulfiqar Ahmad Saqib

    (Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-Pakistan, Punjab 38000, Pakistan)

  • Adnan Habib

    (Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-Pakistan, Punjab 38000, Pakistan)

  • Erdoğan Eşref HAKKI

    (Department of Soil and Plant Nutrition, Ziraat Fakültesi, Selçuk Üniversitesi Selçuklu, Konya 42250, Türkiye)

Abstract

Cotton is a global cash crop with a significant contribution in the world economy. Optimum nutrient and water supply are most important for sustainable cotton production under warmer and dry environments. Field experiments were carried out to evaluate the cumulative impacts of various nitrogen doses and mulches on sustainable cotton production under semi-arid conditions during 2018 and 2019. Four nitrogen doses; 0, 70, 140, and 210 kg ha −1 and three types of mulch: control (without mulch), natural mulch (5 tons/ha wheat straw), and chemical mulch (methanol (30%). Nitrogen 210 kg ha −1 with natural mulching increased 40.5% gunning out turn, 30.0% fiber length, 31.7% fiber strength, 32.6% fiber fineness, 20.8% fiber uniformity, and 34.0% fiber elongation. Shoot nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, calcium, and magnesium contents were maximum where 210 kg ha −1 nitrogen and mulch was applied. Natural mulch reduced the soil temperature as compared to chemical and no mulch conditions. The soil temperature was 0.5 to 1.8 ℃ lower in mulching treatments as compared to the control. Maximum economic yield was around 90% higher in natural mulch with the 210 kg ha −1 nitrogen application. It is concluded that optimum nitrogen application with natural mulch not only enhanced plant growth and development but also induced sustainability in quality cotton production under semi-arid conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Khalid Hussain & Ayesha Ilyas & Saqib Ali & Irshad Bibi & Qamar Shakil & Muhammad Usman Farid & Zulfiqar Ahmad Saqib & Adnan Habib & Erdoğan Eşref HAKKI, 2022. "Impacts of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application and Mulching on the Morpho-Physiological and Yield-Related Traits in Cotton," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:13:y:2022:i:1:p:12-:d:1009753
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Komlan Koudahe & Aleksey Y. Sheshukov & Jonathan Aguilar & Koffi Djaman, 2021. "Irrigation-Water Management and Productivity of Cotton: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-21, September.
    2. Rashid, Muhammad Adil & Zhang, Xiying & Andersen, Mathias Neumann & Olesen, Jørgen Eivind, 2019. "Can mulching of maize straw complement deficit irrigation to improve water use efficiency and productivity of winter wheat in North China Plain?," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 213(C), pages 1-11.
    3. Dhakal, Chandra & Lange, Kelly & Parajulee, Megha N. & Segarra, Eduardo, 2019. "Dynamic Optimization of Nitrogen in Plateau Cotton Yield Functions with Nitrogen Carryover Considerations," Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 51(3), pages 385-401, August.
    4. Rana, Abdul Wajid & Ejaz, Amna & Shikoh, Sania Haider, 2020. "Cotton crop: A situational analysis of Pakistan," PACE Working Papers April 2020, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
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