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Properties of Humic Substances in Composts Comprised of Different Organic Source Material

Author

Listed:
  • Marge Lanno

    (Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, 51006 Tartu, Estonia)

  • Maris Klavins

    (Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Latvia, 1586 Riga, Latvia)

  • Oskars Purmalis

    (Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Latvia, 1586 Riga, Latvia)

  • Merrit Shanskiy

    (Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, 51006 Tartu, Estonia)

  • Anu Kisand

    (Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, 51006 Tartu, Estonia)

  • Mait Kriipsalu

    (Institute of Forestry and Rural Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, 51006 Tartu, Estonia)

Abstract

Reusing organic waste as fertilizer is one method to reduce the use of mineral fertilizers and minimize waste disposal in landfills. Regulations have been enacted for the processing of organic waste and for recycling end products, but the humic content of organic fertilizers has been neglected. We studied seven composts with different organic input materials and technologies. Humic substances (HSs) were detected in all composts. The total organic carbon in the HSs constituted 8.7 ± 0.1% (SD)–27.0 ± 0.2% of the compost dry matter. Spectral differences between the studied samples in FTIR spectroscopy could be observed at 1700–1000 cm −1 , indicating differences in compost precursor material. The EEM peak, associated with humic acids (HAs), was high in composts containing animal by-products (e.g., fish waste, horse manure, and kitchen biowaste). Kitchen biowaste, also when processed by Hermetia illucens larvae and vermicompost, exhibited slower organic material transformation with low humic acid/fulvic acid ratios (<1.60). The results show the importance of source material origin and amendments, which influence the composting process and final products. Our study emphasizes the role of humic substances in the comprehensive evaluation of composts. To maximize the added value of composts, marketing strategies should consider determining the share of humic substances besides the content of organic matter and nutrients.

Suggested Citation

  • Marge Lanno & Maris Klavins & Oskars Purmalis & Merrit Shanskiy & Anu Kisand & Mait Kriipsalu, 2022. "Properties of Humic Substances in Composts Comprised of Different Organic Source Material," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-14, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:12:y:2022:i:11:p:1797-:d:956934
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Marge Lanno & Mait Kriipsalu & Merrit Shanskiy & Maidu Silm & Anu Kisand, 2021. "Distribution of Phosphorus Forms Depends on Compost Source Material," Resources, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-11, October.
    2. Marzena Smol, 2021. "Transition to Circular Economy in the Fertilizer Sector—Analysis of Recommended Directions and End-Users’ Perception of Waste-Based Products in Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-19, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Maria Roulia, 2024. "Sustainable Utilization of Humic Substances and Organic Waste in Green Agriculture," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-4, January.
    2. Alina Maciejewska & Janusz Sobieraj & Dominik Metelski, 2024. "Assessing the Impact of Lignite-Based Rekulter Fertilizer on Soil Sustainability: A Comprehensive Field Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-27, April.

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