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Grain-Filling Characteristics in Extra-Large Panicle Type of Early-Maturing japonica / indica Hybrids

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  • Tianyao Meng

    (Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China)

  • Xi Chen

    (Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China)

  • Xubin Zhang

    (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China)

  • Jialin Ge

    (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China)

  • Guisheng Zhou

    (Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China)

  • Qigen Dai

    (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China)

  • Huanhe Wei

    (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China)

Abstract

Early-maturing japonica / indica hybrids (EJIH) have recently been released, performing a yield potential of 13.5 t ha −1 and greater yield increase over conventional japonica rice (CJ) and hybrid indica rice (HI) in production. More spikelets per panicle and improved grain-filling efficiency underlined the basis for the superior yield performance of EJIH. However, few studies are available on the panicle traits and grain-filling characteristics of EJIH, as well as their differences to CJ and HI. In our study, two EJIH, two CJ, and two HI cultivars with similar growth patterns were grown in the same fields. EJIH had a 12.2–18.8% increased ( p < 0.05) grain yield relative to CJ and HI, mainly attributed to their higher daily grain yield. Although it had a lower panicle per m 2 , EJIH exhibited 28.0–38.3% more ( p < 0.05) spikelets per m 2 from an increase of 58.0–87.8% ( p < 0.05) in spikelets per panicle than CJ and HI. Compared with CJ and HI, EJIH had a higher single panicle weight and more grains in the six parts of the panicle, especially in the upper secondary branches (US) and middle secondary branches (MS). EJIH exhibited a higher leaf area index (LAI), leaf area duration (LAD), leaf photosynthetic rate, and SPAD values after heading, which helped increase shoot biomass weight at heading and maturity and post-heading biomass accumulation. For CJ and HI, the grain-filling dynamics of grains in the six parts were all well simulated by the Richards equation. For EJIH, the grain-filling dynamics of grains in the lower secondary branches (LS) were well fitted by the logistics equation, with the Richards equation simulating grain positioning on the other five parts. EJIH had a lower mean grain-filling rate (GR mean ) and longer days and grain filling amounts (GFA) during early, middle, and late stages than CJ and HI. Our results suggest EJIH gave a yield advantage over CJ and HI through a higher daily grain yield. The panicle traits and grain-filling characteristics differed greatly among the three cultivar types. Compared with CJ and HI, EJIH had lower GR mean and higher days and more grains in the panicle during early, middle, and late stages, which contributed to an increased GFA after heading, improved filled-grain efficiency, and higher grain yield.

Suggested Citation

  • Tianyao Meng & Xi Chen & Xubin Zhang & Jialin Ge & Guisheng Zhou & Qigen Dai & Huanhe Wei, 2021. "Grain-Filling Characteristics in Extra-Large Panicle Type of Early-Maturing japonica / indica Hybrids," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-17, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:11:y:2021:i:11:p:1165-:d:682680
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    1. Yan, Shicheng & Wu, You & Fan, Junliang & Zhang, Fucang & Qiang, Shengcai & Zheng, Jing & Xiang, Youzhen & Guo, Jinjin & Zou, Haiyang, 2019. "Effects of water and fertilizer management on grain filling characteristics, grain weight and productivity of drip-fertigated winter wheat," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 213(C), pages 983-995.
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